Waitan Ludi Policy Terminal

Country-interest evidence · pilot

Trade inferences use UN Comtrade, with China as reporter. Country connections indicate potential trade relevance, not measured harm, firm-level exposure or legal applicability. Inward measures concern exporters to China; competition with Chinese exports in third markets is not assessed.

Inspect implementing jurisdictions and partner evidence · 29 relationships

Argentina: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2008 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 68211 · recorded trade USD 2,071,107

Australia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2008 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 68211 · recorded trade USD 1,324,956

Austria: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2008 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 68211 · recorded trade USD 203,300,015

Belgium: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2008 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 68211 · recorded trade USD 62,603,507

Belarus: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2008 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 68211 · recorded trade USD 19,651,852

Canada: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2008 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 68211 · recorded trade USD 78,433,654

Czech Republic: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2008 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 68211 · recorded trade USD 2,016,749

Germany: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2008 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 68211 · recorded trade USD 4,670,573,517

Spain: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2008 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 68211 · recorded trade USD 48,018,679

Finland: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2008 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 68211 · recorded trade USD 35,155,406

France: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2008 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 68211 · recorded trade USD 44,713,575

United Kingdom: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2008 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 68211 · recorded trade USD 978,329,190

Hungary: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2008 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 68211 · recorded trade USD 71,893,561

Italy: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2008 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 68211 · recorded trade USD 112,139,442

Japan: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2008 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 68211 · recorded trade USD 4,359,724,749

Korea, Rep.: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2008 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 68211 · recorded trade USD 943,326,062

Mexico: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2008 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 68211 · recorded trade USD 77,969,353

Malaysia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2008 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 68211 · recorded trade USD 24,660,868

Poland: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2008 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 68211 · recorded trade USD 7,950,564

Portugal: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2008 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 68211 · recorded trade USD 11,661,566

Slovak Republic: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2008 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 68211 · recorded trade USD 748,411,659

Sweden: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2008 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 68211 · recorded trade USD 305,230,402

Turkey: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2008 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 68211 · recorded trade USD 7,183,466

United States: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2008 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 68211 · recorded trade USD 2,046,885,917

South Africa: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2008 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 68211 · recorded trade USD 9,248,969

Implementing jurisdiction: China · intervention 68211

Implementing jurisdiction: China · intervention 68212

Implementing jurisdiction: China · intervention 68213

Implementing jurisdiction: China · intervention 68214

Assessment states

No sector coded; treated as horizontal by the source calculation (not independently confirmed)
No sector coded; treated as horizontal by the source calculation (not independently confirmed)
Trade-based partners recorded
No sector coded; treated as horizontal by the source calculation (not independently confirmed)

Measures

Capital grant

Central · origin: Chinese firms or production in China · Keyword screen (unreviewed)

Implemented by China (national) · no affected jurisdictions listed: no sector named, so treated as horizontal: no affected jurisdictions

Stated rationale

Growth & domestic demand · document title or opening · unreviewed 国务院办公厅关于转发发展改革委等部门促进扩大内需鼓励汽车家电以旧换新实施方案的通知

2009年在已安排老旧汽车报废更新补贴资金10亿元的基础上，中央财政再安排40亿元。

Supports production in a place, so favours that place by rule.

Purchase subsidy

Central · origin: Chinese firms or production in China · Keyword screen (unreviewed)

Implemented by China (national) · no affected jurisdictions listed: no sector named, so treated as horizontal: no affected jurisdictions

Stated rationale

Growth & domestic demand · document title or opening · unreviewed 国务院办公厅关于转发发展改革委等部门促进扩大内需鼓励汽车家电以旧换新实施方案的通知

一是对交售补贴范围内的旧家电并购买新家电的消费者给予补贴。

Supports production in a place, so favours that place by rule.

Ends: Tax relief

Central · CPC 491 · Keyword screen (unreviewed)

Implemented by China (national) · affects 25 partners (inferred from trade data, 2008 trade): Germany, Japan, United States, United Kingdom, Korea, Rep., Slovak Republic …

Stated rationale

Growth & domestic demand · document title or opening · unreviewed 国务院办公厅关于转发发展改革委等部门促进扩大内需鼓励汽车家电以旧换新实施方案的通知

提前报废“黄标车”并换购新车，新车已享受了1.6升及以下乘用车减半征收车辆购置税政策的，不再享受老旧汽车报废更新补贴政策。

Ends or phases out the measure; its date is the end date.

Trade-in / scrappage subsidy

Central · Keyword screen (unreviewed)

Implemented by China (national) · no affected jurisdictions listed: no sector named, so treated as horizontal: no affected jurisdictions

Stated rationale

Growth & domestic demand · document title or opening · unreviewed 国务院办公厅关于转发发展改革委等部门促进扩大内需鼓励汽车家电以旧换新实施方案的通知

2009年在已安排老旧汽车报废更新补贴资金10亿元的基础上，中央财政再安排40亿元。

Same central policy, other provinces

This document · 国办发〔2009〕44号 · 2009-06-01 · answered in 1 province held · trace it ↗

Province	First document citing it	Dated	Lag
Guangdong	转发广州市鼓励淘汰黄标车暨汽车以旧换新实施办法的通知	2010-03-28	300 d

Held documents only: these are counts of what we have collected, not of what each province issued.

Full text

国务院办公厅关于转发发展改革委等部门促进扩大内需鼓励汽车家电以旧换新实施方案的通知国办发〔2009〕44号各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府，国务院各部委、各直属机构：发展改革委、财政部、商务部、工业和信息化部、环境保护部《促进扩大内需鼓励汽车、家电“以旧换新”实施方案》已经国务院同意，现转发给你们，请认真贯彻执行。今年以来，国家结合实施重点产业调整和振兴规划，加大老旧汽车报废更新力度，出台鼓励“汽车摩托车下乡”、“家电下乡”等政策，有力地促进了农村消费，对拉动内需，稳定和扩大就业，保持经济平稳较快发展发挥了重要作用。为进一步促进扩大内需，根据我国家电、汽车产业发展和消费市场实际，有必要实施鼓励汽车、家电“以旧换新”的政策措施。这不仅有利于扩大消费需求，也有利于提高能源资源利用效率，减少环境污染，促进节能减排和循环经济发展。各有关省市人民政府和国务院有关部门要加强领导，制定明确的实施细则，认真组织实施抓好落实。国务院办公厅二○○九年六月一日促进扩大内需鼓励汽车、家电“以旧换新”实施方案发展改革委　财政部　商务部工业和信息化部　环境保护部为进一步扩大汽车、家电消费，促进扩大内需，保持经济平稳较快发展，特制定鼓励汽车、家电“以旧换新”实施方案。一、鼓励汽车、家电“以旧换新”的重要意义（一）拉动国内需求。随着工业化、城镇化进程加快，我国汽车、家电消费快速增长，保有量大幅增加，淘汰更新潜力较大。据预测，2009年汽车报废量将达到270万辆，家电报废量将达到近9000万台，如果加快淘汰更新，将促进汽车、家电产业稳步增长。（二）促进节能减排。老旧汽车油耗比新车高5%-10%，特别是“黄标车”油耗比“绿标车”高30%，污染物排放量严重超标，老旧家电电耗比新家电高20%-30%。实行汽车、家电“以旧换新”，有利于提高汽车、家电能效水平，减少环境污染。（三）有效利用资源。汽车、家电中含有大量可回收利用的钢铁、有色金属、塑料、橡胶等资源，通过“以旧换新”，加快完善汽车、家电回收拆解处理体系，可使这些资源得到充分有效利用，促进循环经济发展。（四）稳定和扩大就业。汽车、家电生产技术含量高，产业链长，鼓励汽车、家电“以旧换新”，不仅有利于促进汽车、家电产业稳步增长，也有利于促进营销、物流、售后服务以及报废汽车、废旧家电回收拆解等劳动密集型行业的发展，安置大量人员就业。二、基本思路采取财政补贴方式，鼓励汽车、家电“以旧换新”，建立有效的激励机制，进一步扩大内需特别是消费需求，促进节能减排，发展循环经济。坚持与“汽车摩托车下乡”、“家电下乡”等扩大消费政策相衔接；与将于2011年施行的《废弃电器电子产品回收处理管理条例》制度设计相一致；既要确保财政资金使用的安全有效，又要做到简便易行，方便广大消费者。三、鼓励汽车“以旧换新”的政策措施在现有老旧汽车报废更新补贴政策的基础上，进一步扩大补贴范围，加大补贴力度，加快老旧汽车报废更新。2009年在已安排老旧汽车报废更新补贴资金10亿元的基础上，中央财政再安排40亿元。（一）补贴范围。一是对符合一定使用年限要求的中、轻、微型载货车和部分中型载客车，适度提前一定年限报废并换购新车的，给予补贴。二是对提前报废“黄标车”并换购新车的，给予补贴。同时符合财政部、商务部公告的《2009年老旧汽车报废更新补贴资金发放范围及标准》规定的车型，只能享受一种补贴政策；提前报废“黄标车”并换购新车，新车已享受了1.6升及以下乘用车减半征收车辆购置税政策的，不再享受老旧汽车报废更新补贴政策。（二）补贴标准。符合条件的老旧汽车报废更新单辆补贴金额，原则上不高于同型车辆的单辆车辆购置税金额，具体标准为：中型载货车6000元，轻型载货车5000元，微型载货车 4000元，中型载客车5000元，轻型载客车4000元，微型载客车3000元，其他车型6000元。中央按上述补贴标准，对地方实行补贴资金包干。地方可以根据“黄标车”的车型、年限以及城市管理等因素，调整补贴标准。（三）资金补贴流程。按照《老旧汽车报废更新补贴资金管理暂行办法》的有关规定，车主将报废汽车交售给有资质的报废汽车回收拆解企业，回收拆解企业向车主开具报废汽车回收证明，车主凭报废汽车回收证明、注销证明、更新车辆购车发票和有效身份证明申领补贴资金。四、鼓励家电“以旧换新”的政策措施鉴于目前我国绝大多数地区废旧家电回收处理体系尚未建立，2009年先在废旧家电回收处理体系有一定基础的省市开展家电“以旧换新”试点，成熟后在全国推广。2011年按《废弃电器电子产品回收处理管理条例》的要求建立家电回收利用生产者责任制。2009年财政安排20亿元资金，用于家电“以旧换新”补贴。补贴资金由中央财政和试点省市财政共同负担。（一）试点范围。选择北京、天津、上海、江苏、浙江、山东、广东和福州、长沙9省市开展家电“以旧换新”试点。（二）补贴范围。包括电视机、电冰箱、洗衣机、空调、电脑5类家电产品。（三）补贴对象。一是对交售补贴范围内的旧家电并购买新家电的消费者给予补贴。二是对回收补贴范围内的旧家电并送到拆解处理企业的运输费用给予补贴。（四）补贴标准。交旧购新补贴不超过家电销售价格的10%，并分品种确定补贴最高上限。回收运输实行定额补贴，具体标准另行制定。（五）操作流程。 1.确定实施主体。家电销售商和家电回收企业以招标方式确定。拆解处理企业由试点省市人民政府从现有拆解处理企业中确定，试点期间，原则上每个试点省选择1-2家，试点城市选择1家。拆解处理企业要符合国家有关环保法律法规要求。 2.收购旧家电。消费者通过网络或者电话提出交售旧家电，回收企业上门收购旧家电，并向消费者开具国家统一印制的家电以旧换新凭证。试点省市人民政府有关部门根据实际情况公布旧家电回收指导价格。 3.购买新家电。消费者凭家电以旧换新凭证，向中标的家电销售商购买新家电。家电销售商按照新家电售价减去补贴后的价格销售给消费者。财政部门根据销售商的有关记录和凭证给予补贴。家电生产企业向消费者公告“以旧换新”家电产品的规格、型号和参考价格。 4.废旧家电拆解处理。回收企业收购的旧家电交售给拆解处理企业进行拆解处理。拆解处理企业向回收企业垫付运输费用，并开具发票。财政部门根据拆解处理企业实际回收量，按照回收运输补贴标准给予运费补贴。回收后再流通的旧家电不予补贴。（六）申领补贴资金。家电销售商凭新家电销售发票存根和对应的家电以旧换新凭证，到当地财政部门申领补贴资金。废旧家电拆解处理企业凭收购发票底单及有关记录，到当地财政部门申领运费补贴。五、组织实施财政部会同商务部、工业和信息化部、环境保护部等部门制定家电“以旧换新”财政补贴资金管理办法，商务部会同有关部门组织实施汽车、家电“以旧换新”工作，环境保护部负责废旧家电拆解处理的组织实施和监督管理，工商、质检等部门在各自职责范围内加强监督管理，请中央宣传部组织新闻媒体做好汽车、家电“以旧换新”政策宣传和舆论监督工作。试点省市人民政府负责本地区家电回收和拆解处理工作的组织实施和监督管理,并定期向国务院有关部门报告。各试点地区要按照本实施方案的要求制定具体的操作细则，同时本着既保障财政资金安全，又方便群众交旧购新、享受补贴的原则，积极探索家电“以旧换新”的操作办法。