Waitan Ludi Policy Terminal

Country-interest evidence · pilot

Trade inferences use UN Comtrade, with China as reporter. Country connections indicate potential trade relevance, not measured harm, firm-level exposure or legal applicability. Inward measures concern exporters to China; competition with Chinese exports in third markets is not assessed.

Inspect implementing jurisdictions and partner evidence · 46 relationships

Australia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 2,225,015

Austria: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 28,632,563

Belgium: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 1,257,438

Bulgaria: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 5,423,600

Brazil: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 2,517,639

Canada: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 8,683,704

Switzerland: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 78,969,609

Czech Republic: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 116,493,658

Germany: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 924,155,502

Denmark: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 43,699,653

Dominican Republic: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 1,153,111

Spain: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 22,869,316

Estonia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 10,500,474

Finland: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 44,416,979

France: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 54,268,973

United Kingdom: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 46,424,788

Hong Kong, China: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 1,687,855

Hungary: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 580,003,013

Indonesia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 25,746,099

India: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 227,310,451

Ireland: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 1,435,673

Israel: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 22,716,207

Italy: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 94,331,607

Japan: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 1,229,046,737

Cambodia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 6,526,438

Korea, Rep.: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 97,674,186

Sri Lanka: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 1,151,239

Mexico: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 63,638,496

Malaysia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 299,068,475

Netherlands: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 18,468,118

Norway: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 19,473,726

New Zealand: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 5,465,412

Philippines: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 202,922,774

Poland: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 127,955,599

Portugal: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 3,131,693

Romania: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 28,947,905

Russian Federation: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 3,659,405

Singapore: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 11,229,988

Slovak Republic: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 78,103,077

Sweden: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 33,865,261

Thailand: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 327,649,179

Tunisia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 3,359,913

Chinese Taipei: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 357,309,233

United States: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 294,027,509

Vietnam: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2022 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 63242 · recorded trade USD 195,374,593

Implementing jurisdiction: China · intervention 63242

Assessment states

Trade-based partners recorded

Measures

Capital grant

Prefectural · origin: Chinese firms or production in China · locality: Local firms · CPC 461 · in force from 2023-11-06 · until 2028-11-06 · Keyword screen (unreviewed)

Implemented by China (subnational) · affects 45 partners (inferred from trade data, 2022 trade): Japan, Germany, Hungary, Chinese Taipei, Thailand, Malaysia …

各县（市）区政府、高新区管委会要进一步加强充电基础设施发展要素保障，满足充电基础设施及配套电网建设用地、廊道空间等发展需要，因地制宜研究给予资金支持。

Tells lower levels to act; not itself a measure in force. Supports production in a place, so favours that place by rule.

Same central policy, other provinces

国务院办公厅关于进一步构建高质量充电基础设施体系的指导意见 · 国办发〔2023〕19号 · 2023-06-08 · answered in 13 provinces held · trace it ↗

Province	First document citing it	Dated	Lag
Guangdong	关于新能源汽车产业发展、充电设施建设、车辆购置税减免……权威回应！	2023-06-21	13 d
Tianjin	关于印发《天津市进一步构建高质量充电基础设施体系的实施方案》的通知	2023-09-19	103 d
Fujian	this document	2023-10-29	143 d
Guangxi	柳政办〔2023〕69号关于印发《柳州市进一步构建高质量充电基础设施体系打造新能源汽车推广应用“升级版”实施方案（2023—2025年）》…	2023-12-15	190 d
Chongqing	重庆市人民政府办公厅关于印发《重庆市新能源汽车便捷超充行动计划（2024—2025年）》的通知	2024-03-30	296 d
Shaanxi	陕西省发展和改革委员会关于印发《陕西省电动汽车充电基础设施建设运营管理办法》的通知	2024-05-17	344 d
Xinjiang	新疆维吾尔自治区人民政府办公厅关于印发《加快构建自治区高质量充电基础设施体系的实施方案》的通知	2024-08-17	436 d
Shanghai	关于印发《上海市鼓励电动汽车充换电设施发展扶持办法》的通知	2025-03-10	641 d
Inner Mongolia	准格尔旗人民政府关于印发《准格尔旗电动汽车充换电基础设施建设运营管理办法》的通知	2025-04-18	680 d
Henan	省政府办公厅印发《河南省电动汽车充电基础设施建设运营管理暂行办法》-	2025-09-17	832 d
Ningxia	建设实施方案	2026-03-20	1016 d
Tibet	关于征求《西藏自治区新能源电动汽车充电设施在人防工程内安装使用指引（征求意见稿）》公开征求意见的公告	2026-07-27	1145 d
Jiangsu	关于印发《江苏省新能源汽车充换电设施建设财政奖补资金安排实施细则》的通知	2026-09-30	1210 d

Held documents only: these are counts of what we have collected, not of what each province issued.

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各县（市）区人民政府、高新区管委会，市直各委、办、局（公司），市属各高等院校，自贸区福州片区管委会：为加快构建我市高质量充电基础设施服务体系，根据国务院办公厅《关于进一步构建高质量充电基础设施体系的指导意见》（国办发〔2023〕19号）精神，经市政府同意，结合我市实际，提出以下实施意见。一、发展目标到2025年，基本建成覆盖广泛、规模适度、结构合理、功能完善、智能开放的高质量充电基础设施体系，全市建成公共充电桩22703个（标准桩，以下相同），“光储充检”智能充电站100座，城市核心区公共充电服务半径小于0.9公里，形成城市面状、公路线状、乡村点状布局的充电网络，构建创新的经营模式和完善的市场监管体系，行业监管和治理能力基本实现现代化。到2030年，全面建成通达的电动汽车充电网络，经营性停车场具备规范充电条件的车位比例力争超过城市注册电动汽车比例，在适宜使用电动汽车的农村地区，充电服务覆盖率稳步提升。二、优化完善网络布局（一）建设便捷高效的城际充电网络。以高速公路网络主骨架为重点，加快补齐福州主城与县城之间的路网充电基础设施短板，强化充电线路间有效衔接，打造有效满足电动汽车中长途出行需求的城际充电网络。积极对接省高速集团，拓展我市高速公路网充电基础设施覆盖广度，加密优化设施点位布局，强化关键节点充电网络连接能力。新建高速公路服务区应同步建设充电基础设施，新增设施原则上应采用大功率快充技术，加快既有高速公路服务区充电基础设施改造，每个服务区配建充电基础设施或预留安装条件的车位原则上不低于小型客车停车位的10%。重大节假日期间，鼓励充电设施运营商在预测交通流量较大的服务区投放移动充电设施，保障高峰时段充电需求。推动具备条件的普通国省干线公路服务区（站）因地制宜科学布局，重点利用存量土地资源和停车位，建设或改造充电基础设施，强化公路沿线充电基础服务。〔市发改委、市交通局、市市场监管局，福州供电公司、左海集团，各县（市）区政府、高新区管委会按职责分工负责〕（二）建设结构完善的城市充电网络。以城市道路交通网络为依托，以“两区”（居住区、办公区）、“三中心”（商业中心、工业中心、休闲中心）为重点，推动城市充电网络从中心城区向城区边缘、从优先发展区域向其他区域有序延伸，优化城市核心区与城区外围充电网络布局。大力推进城市充电基础设施与停车设施一体规划、建设和管理，实现城市各类停车场景全面覆盖。合理利用城市道路邻近空间，挖掘公园绿化、红线退距等城市边角地块的建设潜力，建设以快充为主、慢充为辅的公共充电基础设施，鼓励新建具有一定规模的集中式充电基础设施。居住区积极推广智能有序慢充为主、应急快充为辅的充电基础设施，创新充电和运营管理模式。办公区和“三中心”等城市专用和公用区域因地制宜布局建设快慢结合的公共充电基础设施。促进城市充电网络与城际、都市圈充电网络有效衔接。〔市发改委、市自然资源和规划局、市建设局、市房管局、市机关事务局、市工信局、市商务局、市文旅局、市城管委、市园林中心按职责分工负责〕（三）建设有效覆盖的农村地区充电网络。推动农村地区充电网络与城市、城际充电网络融合发展，加快实现充电基础设施在适宜使用电动汽车的农村地区全覆盖，大力推动在乡镇机关、企事业单位、商业建筑、交通枢纽场站、公共停车场、物流基地、公路沿线等区域布局建设公共充电基础设施。〔市发改委、市农业农村局、市商务局、市交通局，福州供电公司，各县（市）区政府、高新区管委会按职责分工负责〕三、加快重点区域建设（一）积极推进居住区充电基础设施建设。在既有居住区加快推进固定车位充电基础设施应装尽装，将充电基础设施建设纳入老旧小区改造范围。压实新建居住区建设单位主体责任，严格落实充电基础设施配建要求，确保固定车位按规定100%建设充电基础设施或预留安装条件（预留安装条件的需将管线、桥架、电缆分支箱和计量箱等供电设施建设到车位），非固定产权停车泊位应建设不低于20%的充电设施。相关职能部门对新建住宅项目规划报批、竣工验收环节进行严格督促、检查、监督，电网企业应配合开展配建及接电情况核验。引导各类社会资本积极参与建设运营，建立统一提供建设、运营、维护（以下简称“统建统服”）的小区公用桩管理模式。优先推广具备有序充电功能的智能化充电桩，通过充电桩信息共享、智能调度、分时充电等方式，探索“临近车位共享”“社区分时共享”“多车一桩”等共享模式，提升充电效率。落实街道办事处、居民委员会等基层管理机构责任，建立“一站式”协调推动和投诉处理机制。制定居住区充电基础设施建设管理指南，细化农村地区充电基础设施建设管理规范。〔市建设局、市房管局、市自然资源和规划局、市国资委，福州供电公司，各县（市）区政府、高新区管委会按职责分工负责〕（二）大力推动公共区域充电基础设施建设。以“三中心”等建筑物配建停车场以及交通枢纽、驻车换乘（P+R）等公共停车场为重点，加快建设公共充电基础设施，推动充电运营企业逐步提高快充设施占比。在政府机关、企事业单位、工业园区等内部停车场加快配建充电基础设施，并鼓励对公众开放。中心城区范围内公共充电桩与电动汽车比例不小于1：8，核心区公共充电服务半径小于0.9公里。在确保安全前提下，在具备条件的加油（气、氢）站配建公共快充和换电设施，积极推进建设加油（气、氢）、充换电等业务一体的综合供能服务站，搭建融合发展模式，集约利用土地。结合城市公交、出租、道路客运、环卫、物流等专用车辆充电需求，加快在停车场站等建设专用充换电站。围绕港口、城市转运等场景，支持建设布局专用换电站，加快车电分离模式探索和推广。加快旅游景区公共充电基础设施建设，A级以上景区结合游客接待量和充电需求配建充电基础设施，4A级以上景区设立电动汽车公共充电区域。〔市建设局、市商务局、市工信局、市文旅局、市机关事务局、市交通局、市自然资源和规划局、市国资委、市园林中心，各县（市）区政府、高新区管委会、各园区党工委和管委会按职责分工负责〕四、加强科技创新引领（一）提升车网双向互动能力。大力推广应用智能充电基础设施，推动既有充电基础设施和配电网智能化改造，强化对电动汽车充放电行为的调控能力，挖掘电网供电能力。加强电动汽车与电网能量互动，提高电网调峰调频、安全应急等响应能力以及充电设施盈利能力，大力推广车联网、车网互动、源网荷储一体化、“光储充（换）检”一体站等试点示范。〔市工信局、福州供电公司按职责分工负责〕（二）鼓励新技术创新应用。充分发挥企业创新主体作用，打造车、桩、网智慧融合创新平台。加快推进快速充换电、大功率充电、智能有序充电、无线充电、自动充电、群充技术、光储充检协同控制等技术应用。持续优化电动汽车电池技术性能，加强新体系动力电池、电池梯次利用等技术研究，推广普及机械式、立体式、移动式停车充电一体化设施。〔市工信局、市科技局按职责分工负责〕（三）助力新能源产业发展。发挥产品、技术、平台、人才等方面的优势，在锂电池检测、分布式储能应用、光伏组件、直流快充、智慧能源网络等领域，集新能源储能装备制造、重要零部件制造、集成系统研发、服务运维等产业，通过“光储充检”一体化充电站、工商业储能、大型电力储能等全领域解决方案，助力福州储能、快充设备、电池检测等新能源产业集群发展。〔市工信局、市发改委、市科技局按职责分工负责〕五、提升运营服务水平（一）简化审批流程。梳理形成市级充电基础设施建设审批备案指南，明确自用、专用、公用三种类型项目审批备案流程：个人自用桩无需备案和办理规划、建设和施工许可证；专用桩需备案，无需办理规划、建设和施工许可证；公用桩需备案，其中结合既有停车场建设的，无需办理规划、建设和施工许可证，结合新建停车场、公园绿地建设的，纳入主体项目同步报批，独立占地的，应符合国土空间规划，并办理规划、建设、施工许可证和消防设计备案手续。〔市发改委、市工信局、市自然资源和规划局、市建设局、市商务局、市农业农村局、市国资委、市应急管理局、市公安局、市消防救援支队、市园林中心，各县（市）区政府、高新区管委会按职责分工负责〕（二）构建信息网平台。采用市场化方式整合优质资源，构建充电基础设施统一运营管理信息网平台。规范充电基础设施信息管理，明确信息采集边界和使用范围，促进公共充电基础设施全面接入，引导居住区充电基础设施有序接入，鼓励专用和私人充电基础设施自愿接入。强化“车—桩—网—平台”实时连接，与省级电动汽车、公路出行服务网、闽政通及e福州平台等数据互联互通，实现政府监管、企业管理、车主找桩等平台功能服务。〔市工信局、市大数据委，市城投集团、市左海集团、福州供电公司按职责分工负责〕（三）创新运营管理模式。加强充电基础设施行业管理，完善运营维护企业准入和退出机制，依托市级信息网平台，构建以规范管理和服务质量为重点的评价体系，整合既有充电站，促进充电运营企业降本增效。发挥国有企业的引导作用，依法引导培育2到3家国有企业推进“光储充检”充电站建设与运维。鼓励充电运营企业与整车企业、互联网企业积极探索商业合作模式。推广充电车位共享模式，提高车位和充电基础设施利用效率。〔市工信局、市发改委，市城投集团、市左海集团、福州供电公司按职责分工负责〕（四）强化消防安全管理。严格充电基础设施建设、质量安全及运营安全管理，研究制定《福州市充电基础设施消防安全管理办法》。完善“两区”“三中心”及农村地区充电基础设施消防安全管理及火灾、爆炸事故责任倒查办法，压实充电基础设施生产（销售）企业、物业服务人、充电运营企业、充电设施所有权人等主体的安全责任，强化日常巡视、检查及监督等举措。引导充电基础设施投资运营企业投保产品责任保险。〔市消防救援支队、市应急管理局、市公安局，市城投集团、市左海集团、福州供电公司按职责分工负责〕六、加大支持保障力度（一）加强组织领导。成立充电基础设施建设领导小组，由市发改委和市工信局牵头，各成员单位分工负责，各司其职，协同配合，共同推进充电基础设施建设管理相关工作。指导各县（市）区组织编制本辖区专项规划，并纳入国土空间规划“一张图”实施监督信息系统，定期发布年度建设任务，开展实施情况评价，及时总结推广典型经验做法。（二）压实主体责任。按照“谁所有，谁负责”原则，居民自用充电设施由所有权人承担安全管理主体责任。充电设施生产（销售）企业或新能源汽车生产（销售）企业对其承诺质保期内的充电设施质量安全负责。物业服务人应定期开展安装充电桩基础设施区域安全检查，对服务区域内违反消防法律法规的行为，及时采取合理措施制止，向有关行政主管部门报告并协助处理。充电运营商负责“统建统服”充电设施运行维护管理，承担安全管理主体责任。商业中心、休闲中心管理委员会应为辖区内的电动汽车充电设施区域配置必需的公用消防设施，并设立微型消防站，保障公共区域安全。〔市发改委、市工信局、市自然资源和规划局、市商务局、市文旅局，各县（市）区政府、高新区管委会按职责分工负责〕（三）完善支持政策。落实峰谷分时电价政策，引导用户广泛参与智能有序充电和车网互动。2030年前，对实行两部制电价的集中式充换电设施用电免收需量（容量）电费。鼓励各县（市）区政府、高新区管委会对充电基础设施场地征用地价优惠和租金阶段性减免。鼓励电网企业在电网接入、增容等方面优先服务充电基础设施建设。〔市发改委、市工信局，福州供电公司，各县（市）区政府、高新区管委会按职责分工负责〕（四）强化要素保障。各县（市）区政府、高新区管委会要进一步加强充电基础设施发展要素保障，满足充电基础设施及配套电网建设用地、廊道空间等发展需要，因地制宜研究给予资金支持。通过政府专项债券等支持符合条件的充电基础设施项目建设。提高金融服务能力，充分利用现有金融支持政策，鼓励开发性金融机构创新融资支持模式，实施城市停车、充电“一张网”专项工程。市发改委和市工信局积极争取省级财政补贴支持，减轻企业建设资金压力。〔市发改委、市工信局、市自然资源和规划局、市财政局、市金融监管局按职责分工负责〕本实施意见自印发之日起实施，有效期5年。附件：福州市电动汽车充电基础设施建设审批指南（试行）福州市人民政府办公厅 2023年10月29日（此件主动公开）

Ask the evidence.

福州市人民政府办公厅关于进一步构建高质量充电基础设施体系的实施意见

Country-interest evidence · pilot

Measures

Same central policy, other provinces

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