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Sector radar / New-energy vehicles
Sector brief: what Chinese policy is doing in this sector, how it treats foreign firms, who is named, and what China sells abroad. Every figure links to its documents. Goods: Battery-electric and plug-in hybrid cars (8703.80, 8703.60, 8703.70).
Next five years: named in 14 of the 15 15th Five-Year Plan outlines held (15.1 mentions per 100k characters), against 7 of 7 14th-plan outlines (10.6): 1.4× as dense; up in 3 and down in 1 of the 4 places with both. Xi'an: “…链群，着力打造万亿级先进制造业集群，加快推动西安航空集群等国家级先进制造业集群向世界级跃升，推动半导体及光子、新能源汽车等建设国家级先进制造业集群，推动产业迈向中高端，提升产业链供应链韧性和安全水平。” (outline)
Central plan: 工业和信息化部等九部门关于印发《智能网联新能源汽车产业发展“十五五”规划》的通知 (2026-09-09); no provincial restatement held yet; provinces have restated this sector's earlier central documents 238–562 days after them (quartiles), so the typical province's restatement falls May 2027 – Mar 2028; the first can come much sooner. Plan watch.
Documents held, so collection shapes the curve; the momentum ratio is relative to the corpus.
| Heading | world | growth/yr | EU-27 | EU since 2023 | share of EU imports |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Battery-electric cars 870380 | $36.4bn | 109% | $9.8bn | -27% | 42% |
| Plug-in hybrid cars (petrol) 870360 | $22.4bn | 87% | $4.5bn | 350% | 29% |
EU price and volume: imports from China €11.07/kg against €18.14/kg from other suppliers in 2025 (-39%; -26% in 2023). Volume since 2023: China 7%, others -2%.
Switch between headings: exports to the EU of battery-electric cars -27% since 2023, of plug-in hybrid cars (petrol) 350%.
EU duty on battery-electric cars (Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2754): BYD 17.0% · Geely 18.8% · SAIC 35.3% · Tesla (Shanghai) 7.8%; other cooperating exporters 20.7%, all others 35.3%. Plug-in hybrids are not covered.
EU countervailing: 32024R1866 (2024)
| Date | Central document | provinces | median lag | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022-01-10 | 国家发展改革委等部门关于进一步提升电动汽车充电基础设施服务保障能力的实施意见 Implementation Guidelines Issued by the National Development and Reform Commission and Other Departments on F… 发改能源规〔2022〕53号 |
10 | 562 d | trace → |
| 2025-09-24 | 关于印发《电动汽车充电设施服务能力“三年倍增”行动方案(2025—2027年)》的通知 Notice on the Issuance of the ‘Three-Year Plan for Doubling the Service Capacity of Electric Vehicle Charging… 发改能源〔2025〕1250号 |
5 | 190 d | trace → |
| 2023-05-14 | 国家发展改革委 国家能源局关于加快推进充电基础设施建设 更好支持新能源汽车下乡和乡村振兴的实施意见 Implementation Opinions of the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administrat… 发改综合〔2023〕545号 |
4 | 682 d | trace → |
| 2021-07-27 | 三部委关于印发《智能网联汽车道路测试与示范应用管理规范（试行）》的通知 Notice from Three Ministries on the Issuance of the ‘Management Regulations for Road Testing and Demonstratio… 工信部联通装〔2021〕97号 |
4 | 1409 d | trace → |
| 2023-12-13 | 国家发展改革委等部门关于加强新能源汽车与电网融合互动的实施意见 Implementation Guidelines on Strengthening the Integration and Interaction between New Energy Vehicles and th… 发改能源〔2023〕1721号 |
3 | 385 d | trace → |
| 2024-01-15 | 五部委关于开展智能网联汽车“车路云一体化”应用试点工作的通知 Notice from Five Ministries on the Launch of Pilot Schemes for ‘Vehicle-Road-Cloud Integration’ Applications … 工信部联通装〔2023〕268号 |
3 | 511 d | trace → |
| 2026-04-27 | 财政部关于下达2026年节能减排补助资金预算（第一批）的通知 Notice from the Ministry of Finance on the Allocation of the 2026 Budget for Energy Conservation and Emission… 财建〔2026〕92号 |
2 | 60 d | trace → |
| 2020-12-31 | 关于进一步完善新能源汽车推广应用财政补贴政策的通知 Notice on Further Improving the Financial Subsidy Policy for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehi… 财建〔2020〕593号 |
1 | 1598 d | trace → |
Across all State Council directives the median lag to a province's implementing document is about 151 days (middle half 84–259).
| Province | documents (36 m) | leans | with money | favouring | local-only programmes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Guangdong | 79 | ×2.3 | 28 | 1 | 0% of 67 | exposure → |
| Sichuan | 10 | ×0.9 | 6 | 0 | 8% of 451 | exposure → |
| Shanghai | 9 | ×0.5 | 6 | 2 | 15% of 620 | exposure → |
| Inner Mongolia | 9 | ×1.0 | 1 | 2 | 1% of 154 | exposure → |
| Chongqing | 7 | ×1.7 | 2 | 0 | 0% of 67 | exposure → |
| Anhui | 5 | ×1.2 | 1 | 0 | 0% of 26 | exposure → |
| Zhejiang | 5 | ×0.7 | 1 | 0 | 3% of 417 | exposure → |
| Shaanxi | 4 | ×0.9 | 1 | 1 | 2% of 265 | exposure → |
| Fujian | 3 | ×0.5 | 0 | 0 | 2% of 199 | exposure → |
| Guangxi | 3 | ×1.1 | 1 | 0 | 0% of 34 | exposure → |
| Hubei | 3 | ×0.4 | 0 | 2 | 7% of 266 | exposure → |
| Beijing | 2 | – | 1 | 0 | 13% of 100 | exposure → |
| 2026-09-18 | 《道路机动车辆生产企业及产品》（第410批）、《享受车船税减免优惠的节约能源 使用新能源汽车车型目录》（第八十九批）、《减免车辆购置税的新… ‘Motor Vehicle Manufacturers and Products’ (Batch 410), ‘Catalogue of Energy-Efficient and New Energy Vehicle… 工业和信息化部公告2026年第25号 |
| 2026-09-09 | 工业和信息化部等九部门关于印发《智能网联新能源汽车产业发展“十五五”规划》的通知 Notice from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and Eight Other Departments on the Issuance o… 工信部联规函〔2026〕305号 |
| 2026-08-12 | 《道路机动车辆生产企业及产品》（第409批）、《享受车船税减免优惠的节约能源 使用新能源汽车车型目录》（第八十八批）、《减免车辆购置税的新… ‘Motor Vehicle Manufacturers and Products’ (Batch No. 409), ‘Catalogue of Energy-Saving and New Energy Vehicl… 工业和信息化部公告2026年第21号 |
| 2026-07-30 | 工信部公告：废止和修订新能源汽车废旧动力电池“梯次利用”相关政策标准以及规范有关行业活动 Document · 工信部 |
| 2026-07-16 | 《道路机动车辆生产企业及产品》（第408批）、《享受车船税减免优惠的节约能源 使用新能源汽车车型目录》（第八十七批）、《减免车辆购置税的新… ‘Motor Vehicle Manufacturers and Products’ (Batch No. 408), ‘Catalogue of Energy-Saving and New Energy Vehicl… 工业和信息化部公告2026年第19号 |
| 2026-07-02 | 关于调整节能汽车、新能源汽车车船税优惠政策的公告 Notice on Adjustments to the Vehicle and Vessel Tax Preferential Policies for Energy-Efficient and New Energy… 财政部公告2026年第19号 |
| 2026-06-11 | 《道路机动车辆生产企业及产品》（第407批）、《享受车船税减免优惠的节约能源 使用新能源汽车车型目录》（第八十六批）、《减免车辆购置税的新… ‘Motor Vehicle Manufacturers and Products’ (Batch 407), ‘Catalogue of Energy-Efficient and New Energy Vehicle… 工业和信息化部公告2026年第14号 |
| 2026-05-15 | 新能源汽车废旧动力电池回收和综合利用管理暂行办法 Interim Measures for the Management of the Recycling and Comprehensive Utilisation of Waste Power Batteries f… |
| 2026-10-20 | 关于申报新能源汽车充换电设施建设财政奖补资金的通知 notice · Nanjing Municipal Bureau of Transport |
| 2026-09-30 | 深圳市蔚蓝纯电动汽车服务有限公司：《告知函》送达公告 announcement · Dongguan Municipal Bureau of Transport |
| 2026-09-30 | 关于佛山市广东燃料电池汽车示范城市群2026年中央节能减排补助资金补贴计划名单的公示 Public Notice Regarding the List of Recipients for the 2026 Central Government Energy Conservation and Emissi… Foshan Municipal Bureau of Development and Reform |
| 2026-09-30 | 关于印发《江苏省新能源汽车充换电设施建设财政奖补资金安排实施细则》的通知 notice issuing detailed implementing rules · Jiangsu Provincial Development and Reform Commission; Jiangsu Provincial Department of Finance; Jiangsu Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology; Jiangsu Provincial Department of Transport |
| 2026-09-29 | 关于投放纯电小型新能源汽车号牌新号段的公告 announcement · Dongguan Municipal Bureau of Public Security |
| 2026-09-15 | 关于公示广州市中央节能减排补助资金燃料电池汽车示范城市群第四年度推广应用国家补贴安排计划（第二批）的公告 Announcement on the Public Notice of the Plan for the Allocation of National Subsidies for the Fourth Year of… Guangzhou Municipal Development and Reform Commission |
| 2026-09-15 | 关于公示广州市燃料电池汽车示范城市群第四年度推广应用市级补贴安排计划（第二批）的公告 Notice on the Public Consultation Regarding the Arrangements for Municipal Subsidies for the Fourth Year of t… Guangzhou Municipal Development and Reform Commission |
| 2026-09-15 | 关于公示广州市燃料电池汽车示范城市群第四年度推广应用省级补贴安排计划（第一批）的公告 Announcement on the Public Notice of the Plan for the Allocation of Provincial Subsidies for the Fourth Year … Guangzhou Municipal Development and Reform Commission |
| 2026-09-15 | 关于公示广州市燃料电池汽车示范城市群第四年度推广应用市级补贴安排计划（第二批）的公告 announcement · Guangzhou Municipal Development and Reform Commission |
| 2026-09-08 | 关于开展2026年武汉市新能源汽车推广应用地方财政补贴资金清算（第二批）申报工作的通知 notice · Wuhan Municipal Bureau of Economy and Information Technology |
| Measure | Group | Found | checked precision |
|---|---|---|---|
| Capital grant | Fiscal and financial support | 132 | 70% |
| Tax relief | Fiscal and financial support | 84 | 80% |
| Purchase subsidy | Fiscal and financial support | 37 | 80% |
| Operating subsidy | Fiscal and financial support | 36 | not checked |
| Usage privilege | Usage privileges | 33 | not checked |
| Procurement quota | Public procurement | 24 | not checked |
| Trade-in / scrappage subsidy | Fiscal and financial support | 12 | 50% |
| Local registration condition | Localisation conditions | 8 | 60% |
| Interest subsidy | Fiscal and financial support | 7 | 90% |
| Electricity price concession | Fiscal and financial support | 6 | not checked |
Precision from the Data page: samples of ten, checked by the AI assistant; a human-coded sample is still to come.
| Provision | How | Disadvantages |
|---|---|---|
| “1.本市注册的新能源汽车生产企业（含集团公司）；”
关于开展2026年武汉市新能源汽车推广应用地方财政补贴资金清算（第二批）申报工作的通知 · 2026-09-08 |
Local registration / tax | other regions |
| “本实施细则给予补贴的对象是指在本市注册登记的营运货车。”
关于印发《上海市2026年落实国家老旧营运货车报废更新工作实施细则》的通知 沪交货〔2026〕297号 · 2026-07-21 |
Local registration / tax | other regions |
| “贯彻落实《党政机关厉行节约反对浪费条例》，公务用车优先选用国产新能源汽车。”
西安市人民政府办公厅关于印发促进智能网联新能源汽车产业链高质量发展实施方案的通知 市政办发〔2026〕33号 · 2026-04-30 |
Procurement preference | foreign-owned firms, imports |
| “1.本市注册的新能源汽车生产企业（含集团公司）；”
市经信局关于开展武汉市新能源汽车推广应用地方财政补贴 资金清算申报工作的通知 · 2026-02-06 |
Local registration / tax | other regions |
| “（一）名下同时拥有使用本市非营业性客车额度注册登记机动车和在本市注册登记的非营业性新能源小客车的个人用户，转让或者报废名下使用专用牌照额度注册登记的新能源小客车，并且通过以旧换新方式购买纯电动汽车新车。”
上海市人民政府办公厅关于转发市发展改革委等五部门制订的《上海市鼓励购买和使用新能源汽车实施办法》的通知 沪府办规〔2025〕21号 · 2025-12-24 |
Local registration / tax | other regions |
| “认真贯彻《锂离子电池行业规范条件》《新能源汽车废旧动力电池综合利用行业规范条件》《报废机动车回收管理办法》，推动形成“精细化拆解+回用件高效流通”发展模式。”
鄂尔多斯市人民政府办公室关于印发汽车产业高质量发展工作方案（2025—2028年）的通知 鄂府办发〔2025〕104号 · 2025-12-02 |
Eligibility catalogue / whitelist | foreign-owned firms |
Keyword and model screens: leads to check against the document, not findings. Newest first, one per document.
| 2027-01-01 | 《道路机动车辆生产企业及产品》（第408批）、《享受车船税减免优惠的节约能源 使用新能源汽车车型目录》（第八十七批）、《减免车辆购… Ministry of Industry and Information Te… |
| 2027-01-01 | 三部门调整节能汽车、新能源汽车车船税优惠政策 Foshan Municipal Bureau of Transport |
| 2027-01-01 | 关于调整节能汽车、新能源汽车车船税优惠政策的公告 Ministry of Finance; State Taxation Adm… |
| 2026-12-31 | 关于印发《上海市2026年落实国家老旧营运货车报废更新工作实施细则》的通知 上海市交通委员会 |
| 2026-12-31 | 上海市人民政府办公厅关于转发市发展改革委等五部门制订的《上海市鼓励购买和使用新能源汽车实施办法》的通知 Shanghai Municipal Bureau of Public Sec… |
| 2026-12-31 | 关于印发《沈阳市促进“车路云一体化” 试点工作若干政策措施》的通知 Shenyang Municipal Bureau of Finance |
| 2027-01-21 | 国家发展改革委等部门关于进一步提升电动汽车充电基础设施服务保障能力的实施意见 发展改革委等 |
| 2027-08-17 | 鄂尔多斯市人民政府关于印发推动智能网联汽车产业高质量发展若干政策（试行）的通知 General Office of the E'erduosi Municip… |
| Firm | Ownership | Listings |
|---|---|---|
| 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 | State-owned | 3127 |
| 比亚迪汽车工业有限公司 | Domestic private | 1774 |
| 南京金龙客车制造有限公司 | Domestic private | 1226 |
| 东风汽车集团有限公司 | State-owned | 1206 |
| 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | Domestic private | 1158 |
| 宇通客车股份有限公司 | Domestic private | 1113 |
| 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | State-owned | 1104 |
| 长沙中联重科环境产业有限公司 | State-owned | 1104 |
| 中国第一汽车集团有限公司 | State-owned | 1063 |
| 厦门金龙联合汽车工业有限公司 | State-owned | 1048 |
| 中通客车控股股份有限公司 | State-owned | 1029 |
| 厦门金龙旅行车有限公司 | State-owned | 858 |
Foreign-owned and joint ventures named:
上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司 (356) · 北京福田戴姆勒汽车有限公司 (352) · 上海申沃客车有限公司 (287) · 庆铃汽车股份有限公司 (278) · Saic Volkswagen Automotive Company Limited (252) · 重庆耐德新明和工业有限公司 (220) · 一汽-大众汽车有限公司 (188) · 上汽通用汽车有限公司 (134) · 郑州日产汽车有限公司 (127) · 海沃机械(中国)有限公司 (121)
| Group | Year | RMB m |
|---|---|---|
| BYD 01211.HK | 2025 | 12634 |
| Great Wall Motor 02333.HK | 2024 | 2222 |
| Geely Auto 00175.HK | 2025 | 1148 |
| GAC Group 02238.HK | 2025 | 804 |
| Leapmotor 09863.HK | 2024 | 176 |
From the annual report's notes, page linked; unreviewed.
| Market | 12-month change | MSCI China |
|---|---|---|
| KARS | -12% | -18% |
| NIO | -50% | -18% |
| XPEV | -56% | -18% |
| LI | -51% | -18% |
Prices to 2026-10-14. Context, not a signal: see Insights → Markets for what publication does and does not move.
489 documents whose title matches 新能源汽车|电动汽车|燃料电池汽车|智能网联汽车|汽车产业|新能源车, plus 216 in the topic tree nev; 529 together. Goods: HS 870380, 870360, 870370. Measures and preference provisions are screen output; open each document for the clause.