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外 Waitan Ludi Policy Terminal China industrial-policy monitor · updated 2026-11-10
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关于《惠州市电动汽车充电基础设施专项规划(2016-2020年)》的公示

Public Notice Regarding the ‘Huizhou City Specialised Plan for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure (2016–2020)’
No document number
Radar: New-energy vehicles (rank 1 of 16) · EV charging (rank 8 of 16)

Country-interest evidence · pilot

Trade inferences use UN Comtrade, with China as reporter. Country connections indicate potential trade relevance, not measured harm, firm-level exposure or legal applicability. Inward measures concern exporters to China; competition with Chinese exports in third markets is not assessed.

Inspect implementing jurisdictions and partner evidence · 182 relationships

Australia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 1,574,341

Austria: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 357,387,009

Belgium: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 214,206,450

Bulgaria: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 1,295,494

Brazil: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 3,406,858

Canada: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 449,755,550

Switzerland: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 59,505,413

Czech Republic: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 22,606,304

Germany: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 12,869,624,590

Denmark: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 30,578,398

Spain: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 20,781,689

Estonia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 10,694,139

Finland: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 168,210,364

France: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 201,280,456

United Kingdom: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 6,258,055,825

Hong Kong, China: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 10,296,656

Hungary: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 1,042,835,007

Indonesia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 51,580,990

India: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 144,342,773

Ireland: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 3,389,411

Israel: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 8,426,447

Italy: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 935,383,449

Japan: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 8,330,844,354

Cambodia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 27,114,719

Korea, Rep.: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 218,193,316

Mexico: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 537,803,152

Malaysia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 119,477,655

Netherlands: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 165,151,394

Norway: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 14,769,258

New Zealand: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 10,195,377

Philippines: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 137,497,307

Poland: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 30,281,301

Portugal: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 175,617,820

Romania: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 19,376,509

Russian Federation: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 3,852,686

Singapore: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 84,285,571

Slovak Republic: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 1,606,909,348

Slovenia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 98,669,697

Sweden: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 477,539,504

Thailand: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 560,071,256

Tunisia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 1,520,941

Turkey: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 5,784,728

Chinese Taipei: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 151,443,538

United States: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 12,401,330,554

Vietnam: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65949 · recorded trade USD 59,962,377

Implementing jurisdiction: China · intervention 65949

Australia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 1,465,190

Austria: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 31,196,375

Belgium: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 9,419,665

Bulgaria: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 1,295,494

Brazil: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 3,365,497

Canada: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 13,408,828

Switzerland: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 59,505,413

Czech Republic: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 18,563,103

Germany: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 817,148,097

Denmark: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 30,578,398

Spain: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 2,249,705

Estonia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 10,694,139

Finland: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 62,029,574

France: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 45,110,848

United Kingdom: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 40,359,220

Hong Kong, China: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 10,296,656

Hungary: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 213,776,293

Indonesia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 38,984,443

India: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 141,091,096

Ireland: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 3,389,411

Israel: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 8,426,447

Italy: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 38,294,091

Japan: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 724,577,754

Cambodia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 27,114,719

Korea, Rep.: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 93,202,257

Mexico: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 30,574,688

Malaysia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 119,453,391

Netherlands: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 10,510,430

Norway: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 14,768,093

New Zealand: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 10,195,377

Philippines: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 137,493,937

Poland: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 29,952,932

Portugal: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 4,282,185

Romania: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 19,376,509

Russian Federation: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 2,899,464

Singapore: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 84,285,571

Slovak Republic: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 53,072,435

Sweden: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 14,878,481

Thailand: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 193,748,184

Tunisia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 1,520,941

Turkey: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 1,662,982

Chinese Taipei: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 151,041,851

United States: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 294,939,936

Vietnam: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65950 · recorded trade USD 59,901,986

Implementing jurisdiction: China · intervention 65950

Australia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 1,465,190

Austria: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 31,196,375

Belgium: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 9,419,665

Bulgaria: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 1,295,494

Brazil: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 3,365,497

Canada: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 13,408,828

Switzerland: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 59,505,413

Czech Republic: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 18,563,103

Germany: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 817,148,097

Denmark: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 30,578,398

Spain: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 2,249,705

Estonia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 10,694,139

Finland: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 62,029,574

France: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 45,110,848

United Kingdom: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 40,359,220

Hong Kong, China: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 10,296,656

Hungary: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 213,776,293

Indonesia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 38,984,443

India: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 141,091,096

Ireland: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 3,389,411

Israel: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 8,426,447

Italy: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 38,294,091

Japan: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 724,577,754

Cambodia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 27,114,719

Korea, Rep.: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 93,202,257

Mexico: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 30,574,688

Malaysia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 119,453,391

Netherlands: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 10,510,430

Norway: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 14,768,093

New Zealand: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 10,195,377

Philippines: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 137,493,937

Poland: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 29,952,932

Portugal: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 4,282,185

Romania: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 19,376,509

Russian Federation: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 2,899,464

Singapore: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 84,285,571

Slovak Republic: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 53,072,435

Sweden: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 14,878,481

Thailand: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 193,748,184

Tunisia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 1,520,941

Turkey: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 1,662,982

Chinese Taipei: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 151,041,851

United States: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 294,939,936

Vietnam: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65951 · recorded trade USD 59,901,986

Implementing jurisdiction: China · intervention 65951

Australia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 1,574,341

Austria: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 357,387,009

Belgium: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 214,206,450

Bulgaria: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 1,295,494

Brazil: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 3,406,858

Canada: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 449,755,550

Switzerland: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 59,505,413

Czech Republic: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 22,606,304

Germany: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 12,869,624,590

Denmark: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 30,578,398

Spain: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 20,781,689

Estonia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 10,694,139

Finland: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 168,210,364

France: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 201,280,456

United Kingdom: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 6,258,055,825

Hong Kong, China: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 10,296,656

Hungary: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 1,042,835,007

Indonesia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 51,580,990

India: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 144,342,773

Ireland: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 3,389,411

Israel: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 8,426,447

Italy: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 935,383,449

Japan: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 8,330,844,354

Cambodia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 27,114,719

Korea, Rep.: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 218,193,316

Mexico: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 537,803,152

Malaysia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 119,477,655

Netherlands: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 165,151,394

Norway: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 14,769,258

New Zealand: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 10,195,377

Philippines: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 137,497,307

Poland: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 30,281,301

Portugal: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 175,617,820

Romania: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 19,376,509

Russian Federation: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 3,852,686

Singapore: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 84,285,571

Slovak Republic: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 1,606,909,348

Slovenia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 98,669,697

Sweden: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 477,539,504

Thailand: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 560,071,256

Tunisia: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 1,520,941

Turkey: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 5,784,728

Chinese Taipei: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 151,443,538

United States: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 12,401,330,554

Vietnam: Trade-based inference; exporters to China; summed product trade > USD 1m; 2016 trade; broad sector headings; computed, not analyst-reviewed · intervention 65952 · recorded trade USD 59,962,377

Implementing jurisdiction: China · intervention 65952

Assessment states
  • Trade-based partners recorded
  • Trade-based partners recorded
  • Trade-based partners recorded
  • Trade-based partners recorded

Measures

Capital grant
Prefectural · origin: Chinese firms or production in China · locality: Local firms · CPC 461 · Keyword screen (unreviewed)
Implemented by China (subnational) · affects 44 partners (inferred from trade data, 2016 trade): Germany, Japan, United States, Hungary, Thailand, Chinese Taipei …
2016年1月1日起竣工验收并接入省级充电基础设施智能服务平台的充电设施,运营阶段按充电电量,给予运营度电补贴,暂定补贴期限为5年,补贴标准为0.10元/千瓦时。
Supports production in a place, so favours that place by rule.
Electricity price concession
Prefectural · origin: Chinese firms or production in China · locality: Local firms · CPC 491; 461 · Keyword screen (unreviewed)
Implemented by China (subnational) · affects 45 partners (inferred from trade data, 2016 trade): Germany, United States, Japan, United Kingdom, Slovak Republic, Hungary …
〕1668号 《关于电动汽车用电价格政策有关问题的通知》 国家发展改革委 对经营性集中式充换电设施用电实行价格优惠,执行大工业电价,并且2020年前免收基本电费;
Supports production in a place, so favours that place by rule.
Operating subsidy
Prefectural · origin: Chinese firms or production in China · locality: Local firms · CPC 461 · Keyword screen (unreviewed)
Implemented by China (subnational) · affects 44 partners (inferred from trade data, 2016 trade): Germany, Japan, United States, Hungary, Thailand, Chinese Taipei …
2016年1月1日起竣工验收并接入省级充电基础设施智能服务平台的充电设施,运营阶段按充电电量,给予运营度电补贴,暂定补贴期限为5年,补贴标准为0.10元/千瓦时。
Supports production in a place, so favours that place by rule.
Tax relief
Prefectural · origin: Chinese firms or production in China · locality: Local firms · CPC 491; 461 · Keyword screen (unreviewed)
Implemented by China (subnational) · affects 45 partners (inferred from trade data, 2016 trade): Germany, United States, Japan, United Kingdom, Slovak Republic, Hungary …
对广东省来说,各种配套支持政策仍有待细化,尤其在增强群众使用电动汽车的意向、完善充电设施相关法规标准、加大补贴比例、减免税收、降低充电成本、引导商业运营模式等方面仍需进一步加强。
Supports production in a place, so favours that place by rule.

Asymmetric provisions

Ownership, own-brand or own-IP test (自主品牌, 自主知识产权, 股比)
Disadvantages: foreign-owned firms · Keyword screen (unreviewed)
我国制定《政府机关及公共机构购买新能源汽车实施方案》、《关于加快新能源汽车推广应用的指导意见》、《电动汽车充电基础设施建设规划》、《节能与新能源汽车产业发展规划(2012-2020 年)》等意见及政策,绘制了新能源汽车及充换电设施建设的发展蓝图,同时《中国制造 2025》也具体明确了支持电动汽车、燃料电池汽车发展,推动自主品牌节能与新能源汽车同国际先进水平接轨,也正是这一系列的补贴措施让我国的新能源汽车迎来了爆发式增长潜力。

Same central policy, other provinces

国务院办公厅关于加快电动汽车充电基础设施建设的指导意见 · 国办发〔2015〕73号 · 2015-09-29 · answered in 11 provinces held · trace it ↗
ProvinceFirst document citing itDatedLag
Guangdong 广东省人民政府办公厅转发国务院办公厅关于加快电动汽车充电基础设施建设指导意见的通知 2015-12-03 65 d
Anhui 安徽省人民政府办公厅关于加快电动汽车充电基础设施建设的实施意见 2016-01-12 105 d
Hebei 河北省人民政府办公厅关于加快全省电动汽车充电基础设施建设的实施意见 2016-01-19 112 d
Qinghai 青海省人民政府办公厅关于加快电动汽车充电基础设施建设的实施意见 2016-04-15 199 d
Fujian 福建省人民政府办公厅关于印发《福建省电动汽车充电基础设施建设运营管理暂行办法》的通知 2016-04-27 211 d
Jiangsu 江苏省政府办公厅关于印发2016年江苏省新能源汽车推广应用方案的通知 2016-05-19 233 d
Liaoning 辽宁省人民政府办公厅关于印发辽宁省加快发展新能源汽车实施方案的通知 2016-12-07 435 d
Beijing 北京市电动汽车社会公用充电设施运营考核奖励暂行办法 2018-09-25 1092 d
Inner Mongolia 包头市人民政府办公室关于印发包头市电动汽车充换电基础设施建设运营管理办法的通知 2022-07-12 2478 d
Heilongjiang 关于印发《北安市电动汽车充电基础设施规划(2022-2025年)》的通知 2023-09-01 2894 d
Sichuan 四川省人民政府办公厅关于加快电动汽车充电基础设施建设的实施意见 2024-01-04 3019 d
ProvinceFirst document citing itDatedLag
Guangdong this document 2017-08-10 577 d
Beijing 北京市电动汽车社会公用充电设施运营考核奖励暂行办法 2018-09-25 988 d
Zhejiang 关于印发《杭州市2019年-2020年新能源汽车推广应用财政支持政策》的通知 2019-12-27 1446 d
Held documents only: these are counts of what we have collected, not of what each province issued.

Full text

为科学 规 划全市 充电基础设施布局,促进全市充电基础设施的建设 ,我局 委托 编制了《惠州市电动汽车充电基础设施专项规划( 2016-2020年)》。按照《惠州市国民经济和社会发展规划编制管理办法》的有关规定,现予以公示,公开征求社会各界意见。有何意见或建议,请于公示之日起30日内以电子邮件、传真、信函等方式向我局反馈。 联 系 人: 褚 先生 联系电话: 2808013传真:2814398 电子邮箱: yuanjh@huizhou.gov.cn 联系地址:惠州市江北云山西路 6号行政中心4号楼3楼 附件:《惠州市电动汽车充电基础设施专项规划(2016-2020年)》(公开征求意见稿).doc

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附件:《惠州市电动汽车充电基础设施专项规划(2016-2020年)》(公开征求意见稿) doc
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惠州市电动汽车充电基础设施专项规划 (2016-2020年) (公开征求意见稿) 2017年8月 目录 TOC \o "1-2" 一 前言 PAGEREF _Toc489978601 \h 1 (一)电动汽车及充电设施发展背景 PAGEREF _Toc489978602 \h 1 (二)规划目的 PAGEREF _Toc489978603 \h 3 (三)规划依据 PAGEREF _Toc489978604 \h 4 (四)规划内容 PAGEREF _Toc489978605 \h 6 二 发展基础 PAGEREF _Toc489978606 \h 7 (一)发展现状 PAGEREF _Toc489978607 \h 7 (二)发展环境 PAGEREF _Toc489978608 \h 11 三 问题与挑战 PAGEREF _Toc489978609 \h 16 (一)问题与不足 PAGEREF _Toc489978610 \h 16 (二)机遇与挑战 PAGEREF _Toc489978611 \h 18 四 需求预测 PAGEREF _Toc489978612 \h 20 (一)电动汽车推广应用需求预测 PAGEREF _Toc489978613 \h 20 (二)充电设施的配置原则 PAGEREF _Toc489978614 \h 23 (三)充电设施需求预测 PAGEREF _Toc489978615 \h 26 五 指导思想与原则 PAGEREF _Toc489978616 \h 28 (一)指导思想 PAGEREF _Toc489978617 \h 28 (二)基本原则 PAGEREF _Toc489978618 \h 28 六 发展目标 PAGEREF _Toc489978619 \h 30 (一)充电设施总体发展目标 PAGEREF _Toc489978620 \h 30 (二)充电设施布局原则 PAGEREF _Toc489978621 \h 30 (三)充电设施布局分区规划方案 PAGEREF _Toc489978622 \h 32 七 重点任务 PAGEREF _Toc489978623 \h 33 (一)全面推进充电设施网络布局和建设 PAGEREF _Toc489978624 \h 33 (二)加强配套电网保障能力 PAGEREF _Toc489978625 \h 34 (三)统一设计建设标准 PAGEREF _Toc489978626 \h 34 (四)探索可持续商业模式 PAGEREF _Toc489978627 \h 35 (五)建设信息服务平台,提高设施利用率 PAGEREF _Toc489978628 \h 35 八 保障措施 PAGEREF _Toc489978629 \h 36 (一)实施策略 PAGEREF _Toc489978630 \h 36 (二)部门分工 PAGEREF _Toc489978631 \h 36 (三)具体保障措施 PAGEREF _Toc489978632 \h 37 附件与附表 PAGEREF _Toc489978633 \h 40 一 前言 (一)电动汽车及充电设施发展背景 1、电动汽车发展背景 n¨R›Rû|ß~ÑSU\ ƒôVeg 4ls^ t^„v开采需求。 图1-1 2015年全球部分国家(地区)石油储产比 汽车在带来生活便利的同时也污染了环境。其尾气排放引起了城市的热岛效应,同时也造成了酸雨、雾霾等大气环境问题。随着民众环保意识的提高,降低汽车尾气污染的呼声与日俱增,交通能源动力系统的变革已经是大势所趋。 在石油资源逐步枯竭和环境污染严重的双重压力下,大力发展新能源汽车已经成为国际社会的共识。目前普遍认可纯电动汽车是环保产品,该类产品具有零排放、节约能源、使用成本低等优点,车载电池可能产生的环境问题在严格做好生产和回收环节管控的基础上也容易得到集中治理。电动车的能源转化效率(90%左右)远高于传统燃油车能源转化效率(17%左右)。 表1-1 电动车百公里使用成本 车型 年均行驶里程(公里) 平均电耗 (千瓦时/百公里) 公交车 纯电动 70,000 130 混合动力 65 出租车 充电式纯电动 100,000 18 换电式全电动 9 物流环卫等专用车 纯电动 40,000 20 公务乘用车 纯电动 15,000 20 混合动力 10 私人乘用车 纯电动 15,000 20 混合动力 10 综合比较各种交通工具的能源来源、效率、成本等因素,新能源汽车特别是纯电动、燃料电池动力具有较好的发展前景。 表1-2 各种类型车辆综合性能比较 动力类别 能源来源 能源效率 排放 制造成本 使用成本 维护成本 补充燃料 功率 重量 行驶里程 (公里) 内燃机 受限 低 差 一般 一般 一般 方便 大 轻 >400 纯电 一般 最高 无 高 最低 高 不方便 小 重 <300 混动 受限 较高 一般 较高 一般 最高 方便 一般 较重 >500 氢燃料 困难 高 无 高 最高 高 不方便 小 一般 <300 物理燃料 丰富 一般 一般 低 低 低 方便 大 轻 >600 经过多年的发展,电动汽车行业爆发性增长,包括电动汽车与插电式混动车在内,电动汽车在全球的年销量突破了50万辆。在政府的大力推动下,我国电动汽车产销两旺,我国成为电动汽车的全球最大生产和销售市场。 为加快新能源汽车推广应用的战略部署,广东省分别下发了《关于加快推进珠江三角洲地区新能源汽车推广应用的实施意见》(粤发改高技术〔2014〕345号)与《广东省人民政府办公厅关于加快新能源汽车推广应用的实施意见》(粤府办〔2016〕23号);到2020年,广东省新能源汽车推广应用累计超25万辆,其中私人乘用车领域新能源汽车推广应用量超20万辆。 2、充电设施发展背景 aÁ‰ ú^¾‹ ÿnxÝOEQ5u¾‹½eú^¾‹Ä‰!j适当超前,同时明确地方是统筹推进充电基础设施发展的责任主体,要求建立由发展改革(能源)部门牵头、相关部门紧密配合的协同推进机制,明确责任分工,完善配套政策。 近年来,广东省围绕新能源汽车推广应用,采取有力措施加快电动汽车充电基础设施建设,不断加大政策支持和专项资金支持力度,有力推动了电动汽车充电基础设施发展,截至2015年底,广东省已建成充电站298座,其中公交车充换电站187座、出租车充换电站45座、城市公共充电站12座、城际快充站4座;已建成分散式充电桩(不含充电站站内桩,下同)2.26万个,其中公共充电桩0.4万个、内部专用充电桩0.59万个、私人充电桩1.26万个,已建成充电站和充电桩主要分布在珠三角地区,充换电站投资主体主要为公共汽车、客运汽车、出租车运营和物流环卫企业等,充电桩投资主体主要包括政府、事业单位、电网企业等,私人充电桩多为电动汽车用户自行投资安装。 (二)规划目的 随着惠州市经济社会发展水平的稳步提高,全市汽车保有量将持续攀升,而随之对电动汽车充换电基础设施的需求也将大量增加,其中电动汽车充换电设施主要类型有各类集中式充换电站和分散式充电桩。集中式充换电站即在大型公共场所、加油站、国有用地等空置区域建设的配套公共充电桩集合区;分散式充电桩即在个人、单位等小区域建设的或私人、或公用的独立充电桩。完善的充换电基础设施建设是加快新能源汽车的推广应用的重要保障,也是确保完成惠州市下达的新能源汽车推广任务的基础。 aÁ‰ aÁ‰ ¨c^”^(už[½e¹eHh 0l4〕349号)、《惠州市新能源汽车充换电设施建设实施细则(暂行)》(惠市发改〔20l5〕251号)等规划方案及意见要求,特编制《惠州市电动汽车充电基础设施专项规划(2016-2020年)》,为未来充电汽车的发展奠定基础,服务于广大电动乘用车用户,推动电动汽车产业的发展和节能环保目标的实现。 (三)规划依据 1、法律和法规 (1)《中华人民共和国城乡规划法》(2008年); (2)《中华人民共和国环境保护法》(2015年); (3)其他现行的国家法律和法规等; 2、规范、规程和标准 (1)电动汽车技术标准; (2)电动汽车充电站通用技术要求; (3)电动汽车充电站及充电桩设计规范; (4)国家及惠州市国民经济和社会发展“十三五”规划纲要; (5)其他有关的规范、规程和标准等; 3、文件和资料 (1)《汽车产业调整和振兴规划》(国务院办公厅2009年3月); (2)《国务院关于印发节能与新能源汽车产业发展规划(2012-2020年)的通知》(国发〔2012〕22号); (3)《国务院办公厅关于加快新能源汽车推广应用的指导意见》(国办发〔2014〕35号); (4)《国务院办公厅关于加快电动汽车充电基础设施建设的指导意见》(国办发〔2015〕73号); (5)《电动汽车充电基础设施发展指南(2015-2020年)》(发改能源〔2015〕1454号); (6)《关于加快推进珠江三角洲地区新能源汽车推广应用的实施意见》(粤发改高技术〔2014〕345号); (7)《住房城乡建设部关于加强城市电动汽车充电设施规划建设工作的通知》(建规〔2015〕199号); (8)《广东省发展改革委关于做好电动汽车充电基础设施规划编制有关工作的通知》(粤发改能电〔2015〕784号); (9)《关于“十三五”新能源汽车充电基础设施奖励政策及加强新能源汽车推广应用的通知》(财建〔2016〕7号); (10)《广东省人民政府办公厅关于加快新能源汽车推广应用的实施意见》(粤府办〔2016〕23号); (11)《广东省发展改革委+广东省经济和信息化委+广东省住房和城乡建设厅转发关于加快居民区电动汽车充电基础设施建设的通知》(粤发改能电〔2016〕533号); (12)《广东省发展改革委关于印发〈广东省电动汽车充电基础设施建设运营管理办法〉的通知》(粤发改能电〔2016〕691号); (13)《广东省发展改革委关于完善相关政策和工作机制加快推进电动汽车充电基础设施建设有关工作的通知》(粤发改能电函〔2016〕6406号); (14)《惠州市人民政府关于加快新能源汽车产业发展的实施意见》(惠府〔2016〕127号); (15)《惠州市新能源汽车推广应用实施方案》(惠市发改〔2014〕349号); (16)《电动汽车科技发展十二五专项规划》(国科发计〔2012〕195号); (17)《广东省电动汽车充电基础设施规划(2016-2020年)》; (18)《惠州市城市总体规划(2006-2020)》; (19)《惠州市综合运输体系规划(2014-2030年)》; (20)《惠州市综合交通运输体系“十三五”规划》; (21)《惠州市电力专项规划》; (22)《惠州市区综合交通规划》; (23)《惠州市新能源汽车推广应用实施方案》; (24)《惠城市区(惠城中心区)公共停车场布点规划》; (25)《惠城中心区新能源出租车充电桩布点规划》; (26)其他报告、文件和资料等; (四)规划内容 规划地域范围:惠州市全市域范围,包括惠城区、仲恺区、惠阳区、惠东县、博罗县、大亚湾区和龙门县7县区,规划区面积为11142.11平方公里。 规划年限:规划基准年为2015年,规划水平年为2016~2020年。 本规划根据惠州市的发展定位,充分调研、全面掌握全市现状汽车保有量以及充电汽车发展的前景下,明确规划近、远期目标和选址思路,制定充电桩(站)布点的近期和远期规划方案,明确发展思路,阐述发展过程中遇到的问题。 二 发展基础 (一)发展现状 1、社会经济概况 惠州市位于广东省东南部,珠江三角洲东北端,南临南海大亚湾,与深圳、香港毗邻。现辖惠城区、惠阳区、惠东县、博罗县、龙门县,设有大亚湾经济技术开发区和仲恺高新技术产业开发区两个国家级开发区,全市总面积11142.11平方公里。 (1)经济社会发展现状。 2015年底,全市实现地区生产总值(GDP)3140.03亿元,增长9.0%。其中,第一产业增加值150.88亿元,增长4.2%;第二产业增加值1726.68亿元,增长9.6%;第三产业增加值1262.47亿元,增长8.6%。三次产业结构调整为4.8:55.0:40.2。民营经济增加值1341.17亿元,增长11.5%。2015年,惠州市人均GDP为66231元,按平均汇率折算为10634美元。年末全市常住人口475.55万人,户籍人口357.07万人。 (2)交通发展现状。2015年末全市境内公路通车里程总长13476公里。其中等级公路13443公里,高速公路588公里。通车里程公路密度为119公里/百平方公里; 目前惠州市已通车高速公路有12条,总里程587公里,G15沈海高速公路惠州段(深汕西高速公路)主线长62.6公里,双向四车道,于1996年12月建成通车。G25长深高速公路惠州段及惠州支线(惠河高速、惠盐高速)主线长106.2公里,双向四车道,惠河段于2003年12月底建成通车,惠盐段于1993年4月建成通车。G35济广高速公路惠州段(惠河高速、广惠高速)主线长102.3公里(与G25长深高速公路惠州段共线50.8公里),双向四/六车道,惠河段于2003年12月底建成通车,广惠段于2003年12月建成通车。G15W3潮莞高速公路惠州段主线长49.1公里,双向六车道,于2010年1月建成通车。S21广惠高速公路主线长57.4公里,双向四车道,项目于2003年12月建成通车。S30惠深沿海高速公路主线长48.3公里,双向六车道,于2010年3月建成通车。S2广河高速公路惠州段主线长75.3公里,双向六车道,于2011年底建成通车。G4E仁深高速公路博深段长34.1公里,双向六车道,于2012年底建成通车。S21惠州海湾大桥(广惠高速公路东延线)全长17.5公里,双向四车道,于2015年2月建成通车。S23惠大高速公路主线长54.9公里,双向六车道,于2015年12月建成通车。S14汕湛高速博罗石坝段长13.5公里,双向六车道,于2015年12月底建成通车。G45大(庆)广(州)高速龙门段长8.6公里,双向六车道,于2015年12月底建成通车。G25惠深高速公路惠州段改扩建段长30.7公里(非新增里程),于2015年底完工。 2015年年末全市民用汽车保有量64.34万辆,增长36.6%,其中私人汽车59.24万辆,增长41.1%。民用轿车保有量41.47万辆,增长40.7%,其中私人轿车40.06万辆,增长42.5%;当年新注册上牌轿车11.37万辆,增长121.0%。 (3)电力系统发展现状。2015年惠州市全社会用电量290.6亿千瓦时,同比增长5.14%,全社会用电最高负荷5200兆瓦,同比增长1.0%。供电量284.58亿千瓦时,同比增长4.64%,供电最高负荷4900兆瓦,同比增长1.0%。 用电量按产业分,第一、二、三产业和居民生活用电量分别为4.04亿千瓦时、207.56亿千瓦时、36.18亿千瓦时、42.83亿千瓦时,占比1.4:71.4:12.4:14.7,同比增长-9.67%、6.07%、0.36%、6.56%。 截至2015年底,惠州市有500千伏变电站4座,主变8台,主变容量为6750兆伏安,线路总长度1228.3公里;220千伏变电站24座,主变50台,主变容量9990兆伏安(不包括用户站2座,主变4台,主变容量320兆伏安),线路长度1758.8公里;110千伏变电站106座,主变212台,主变容量10183兆伏安(不包括用户站24座,主变43台,主变容量1822.5兆伏安),线路长度2487.4公里(含电缆65.2公里);35千伏变电站5座,主变5台,主变容量25.6兆伏安,35千伏线路162.1公里。 2、电动汽车推广应用现状 (1)电动汽车生产情况 惠州市电动汽车研发领头企业为广东京兰新能源动力科技有限公司,广东京兰新能源动力科技有限公司是于2013年注册成立的一家专业从事新能源汽车整车及其主要零部件研发、测试、制造、销售的高新技术企业。 未来惠州将以新能源汽车整车项目和关键零部件产业为突破口,坚持产业发展与推广应用相结合、市场主导与政府扶持相结合、整车引进培育和零部件配套相结合,壮大新能源汽车产业规模,完善产业体系,提升产业技术,创新商业模式,努力把惠州建设成为全省重要的新能源汽车产业基地。 (2)电动汽车销售情况 在多项政策扶持下,2015年新能源汽车销售呈爆发式增长,惠州新能源汽车市场也收获不小。截至2015底全市共计推广应用新能源汽车2105辆。按类别分,公交车1602辆、出租车150辆、辆物流环卫等专用车36辆、公务乘用车3辆、私人乘用车314辆、总计2105辆。 (3)电动汽车保有量 表2-1 惠州市电动汽车推广应用现状 类别 数量(辆) 公交车 1602 出租车 150 物流环卫等专用车 36 公务乘用车 3 私人乘用车 314 总计 2105 注:(1)本规划中,公交车包括城市公交车、通勤班车以及城际客运车辆。 (2)公务及私人乘用车含社会租赁乘用车。 3、充电设施建设现状 充电设施方面,到2015年底,惠州市范围内充电站23座,其中公交车充换电站16座、出租车充换电站1座,另有城市公共充电站6座。 表2-2 惠州市充电站现状 类别 数量(座) 公交车充换电站 16 出租车充换电站 1 物流环卫车等专用充电站 0 城市公共充电站 7 城际快充站 0 总计 24 表2-3 惠州市充电桩现状 类别 数量(个) 公交车充电桩 191 出租车充电桩 40 物流环卫等专用车充电桩 0 城市公共充电桩 106 城际快充充电桩 0 分散式公共充电桩 4 内部专用充电桩 325 总计 666 4、充电设施用电计价方式 充换电设施经营企业向电动汽车用户收取电费和充电服务费,充换电服务费用于弥补充换电设施运营成本。 2014年国家发改委印发了《关于用电价格政策有关问题的通知》,对充换电设施的充电价格给予了明确: (1)对电网经营企业直接报装接电的经营式集中充换电设施用电,执行大工业用电价格,免收基本电费。 (2)其他充电设施按所在场所执行分类目录电价。其中居民家庭住宅、居民住宅小区、执行居民电价的非居民用户中设置的充换电设施用电,执行居民用电价格的合表用户电价;党政机关、企事业单位和社会公共停车场中设置的充电设施用电执行“一般工商业及其他”类用电价格。(其中,根据(粤发改价格函〔2015〕2636号)《关于我省电动汽车用电价格政策有关问题的复函》文件要求,居民用户可执行峰谷分时电价。) (3)电动汽车充换电设施用电执行峰谷分时电价政策,鼓励电动汽车在电力系统用电低谷时段充电。 (4)充电服务费:2020年前,对电动汽车充电服务费实行政府指导价管理。2015年1月至2017年1月,惠州市试行0.75元/千瓦时(不含电费)的上限标准,允许下浮。2017年1月以后根据试行情况,继续沿用或者对充电服务费进行适当调整。 (二)发展环境 系统总结当地的电动汽车及充电设施发展的相关政策,主要包括地方发展规划、地方补贴、道路通行权等优惠政策、城市规划、充电服务价格政策、土地优惠政策等方面内容。(国家和省出台的政策供参考) 表2-4 相关政策列表 aÁ‰ EQ5u 〕1668号 《关于电动汽车用电价格政策有关问题的通知》 国家发展改革委 对经营性集中式充换电设施用电实行价格优惠,执行大工业电价,并且2020年前免收基本电费;将电动汽车充换电设施配套电网改造成本纳入电网企业输配电价。 åw aÁ‰ 0ýV¡Rb–关于积极发挥新消费引领作用加快培育形成新供给新动力的指导意见》 国务院办公厅 加快电动汽车充电设施、城市停车场的布局和建设。 N T†˜ßW0 åw 政充电基础设施建设运营奖补资金是对充电基础设施配套较为完善、新能源汽车推广应用规模较大的省(区、市)政府的综合奖补。 大气污染治理重点区域和重点省市(包括北京、上海、天津、河北、山西、江苏、浙江、山东、广东、海南),2016-2020年新能源汽车(标准车)推广数量分别不低于3.0万辆、3.5万辆、4.3万辆、5.5万辆、7万辆,且推广的新能源汽车数量占本地区新增及更新的汽车总量比例不低于2%、3%、4%、5%、6%。 中央财政对符合上述条件的省(区、市)安排充电设施建设运营奖补资金,奖补资金由中央财政切块下达地方,由各省(区、市)统筹安排用于充电设施建设运营等相关领域。 aÁ‰ tžRÕl (u5u÷N<h?eV{ gsQ˜„v YýQ aÁ‰ 0¨c¨RlQqQ N;`产值的比重达15%及以上;各类新能源汽车综合生产能力达到1万辆以上,成为全省重要的新能源汽车产业基地。 促进新能源汽车产业发展和推广应用的市场环境、政策环境不断完善;到2020年全市充换电站达60座以上,充电桩达7200个以上,满足超过2万辆电动汽车的充(换)电服务,基本形成覆盖全市、设备先进、方便快捷的充换电设施服务网络。 2、即将出台的政策展望 目前,《广东省发展改革委关于征求<广东省电动汽车充电基础设施财政资金补贴管理暂行办法(征求意见稿)>意见的函》(以下简称《意见》)正在征求意见。根据《意见(征求意见稿)》提出了以下补贴方式及标准: (1)主要对充电设施运营进行补贴。2016年1月1日起竣工验收并接入省级充电基础设施智能服务平台的充电设施,运营阶段按充电电量,给予运营度电补贴,暂定补贴期限为5年,补贴标准为0.10元/千瓦时。 (2)对省级充电基础设施智能服务平台投资和运营给予补贴。对2016年至2020年省级充电设施智能服务平台平台设备投资及APP应用平台等相关研发费用,给予30%财政资金补贴,补贴上限不超过500万元。对省级充电设施智能服务平台平台运营涉及的公共网络租赁等公共服务费用,给予财政资金补贴,每年补贴上限不超过100万元。 三 问题与挑战 (一)问题与不足 充电基础设施在国内外均处于起步探索阶段,由于涉及面广、利益主体多,推进难度较大。经过市内实地调研走访,对惠州市充电基础设施建设前期推进过程中暴露出的一些问题归纳如下: 1、电动汽车推广应用 (1)电动汽车及充电技术发展不确定性大 电动汽车产业尚处于发展初期,动力电池及充电技术发展日新月异,不同技术方案对充电基础设施要求有较大差异,增加了建设管理的难度。 (2)充电设施运营的专业技术人员储备不足 传统运输企业对持进网作业证上岗电工人员的储备不足,建设充电站时,短时间内难以满足现行供电安全规定的人员配备要求。 (3)充电设施的有效利用率有待提高 已建的公共充电位普遍兼做普通停车位,在本已有限的公共充电停车位上,可能被非电动汽车停车所占据。还有相当的4S店充电车位仅限于对本品牌车辆的服务,不对全部电动汽车用户开放。这些都导致充电设施资源无法得到有效利用,也相当限制了用户使用公共充电桩的热情。 (4)新能源汽车对政府补贴过于依赖 从数据上看,新能源汽车在政策影响下产销两旺,但这种现象并非来源于真正的消费市场需求,而是在政府政策影响下的社会市场现象。目前新能源汽车发展对政府补贴过于依赖,需要进行合理化调整。要实现新能源汽车市场的长远发展,应加快商业化步伐,着力降低新能源汽车开发成本,为消费者提供一个与普通内燃机汽车一样具有使用便利、保养低廉特性的可靠产品及完备的配套设施。 2、充电设施建设 (1)私人用户在小区安装充电桩难 充电桩建设流程不畅,小区用电荷载不足,物业公司与部分小区业主不同意,安全管理责任不明确,导致私人用户在小区中安装充电桩较难。 (2)充电基础设施建设难度较大 MO NúVš[„v(u7b N N ‰mÊSlQ共电网、电力设施、道路管线等改造,大大增加了建设难度。 3、配套支持政策体系 从国家层面来说,2009年3月,国务院发布《汽车产业调整和振兴计划》,已明确提出我国电动汽车至2020年的发展目标。但由于市场环境等实际情况的各方面原因,实际上电动汽车应用的发展略有滞后。对广东省来说,各种配套支持政策仍有待细化,尤其在增强群众使用电动汽车的意向、完善充电设施相关法规标准、加大补贴比例、减免税收、降低充电成本、引导商业运营模式等方面仍需进一步加强。 4、充换电服务的可持续发展商业模式 目前,国内的电动汽车能源供给运营模式仍在探索阶段,个别地区的商业模式已有雏形。如北京已建成政府指定电动车智能服务平台(e充网),主要为广大电动车用户提供电动汽车充电互联网服务以及电动汽车充电大数据分析,利用国有资源+互联网思维的模式优势,将充电设施建设与充电桩运营形成互动互联的闭环,打造整条电动汽车上下游生态链,进而推动电动汽车行业发展。该平台的主要功能包括:为运营商提供服务平台,提供智能托管或系统级的接入服务;为用户提供充电桩的报装一条龙服务;获取实时的充电桩运行状态,随时查找空闲充电桩。 对于广东省来说,商业模式的探索尚处于起步阶段,有效盈利模式尚未形成,严重影响了市场化发展步伐。统一智能服务平台尚未构建,严重影响了用户消费体验。 (二)机遇与挑战 目前,世界新能源汽车技术迅速发展,国家“十三五”规划把新能源汽车推广列入重要计划之中,要求提高电动汽车产业化水平。在政策利好的形势下,惠州市新能源汽车产业发展面临着难得的机遇。 1、以政策为导向,明确发展方向 我国制定《政府机关及公共机构购买新能源汽车实施方案》、《关于加快新能源汽车推广应用的指导意见》、《电动汽车充电基础设施建设规划》、《节能与新能源汽车产业发展规划(2012-2020 年)》等意见及政策,绘制了新能源汽车及充换电设施建设的发展蓝图,同时《中国制造 2025》也具体明确了支持电动汽车、燃料电池汽车发展,推动自主品牌节能与新能源汽车同国际先进水平接轨,也正是这一系列的补贴措施让我国的新能源汽车迎来了爆发式增长潜力。大力加快充电设施建设力度,鼓励社会资本进入充电设施建设,为加快发展新能源汽车推广以及新能源汽车配套充换电设施的建设提供了良好的政策导向与建设支持。 2、以发展为脉络,把握发展机遇 面对现阶段我国严峻的能源和环境问题,国家高度重视新能源汽车产业发展。为创造良好的新能源汽车的发展环境,政府运用财政资金直接资助新能源汽车技术研发,并采取税收减免、购车补贴等措施鼓励新能源汽车产业发展及应用,为汽车配套充换电设施的建设提供了重要的政策保障。 3、以市场为驱动,营造投资热情 ¨c广为动力,加快新能源汽车充换电设施配套建设,为新能源汽车的发展提供优质服务。探索商业模式,引导社会资本为新能源汽车充换电设施发展提供强力支撑与保障。 综上所述,当前是我市新能源汽车推广应用的重要战略期,是实现关键目标重要机遇期,大力推进新能源汽车充换电设施建设,将为新能源汽车产业的发展提供充足动力和发展环境。 四 需求预测 (一)电动汽车推广应用需求预测 1、电动汽车区域发展模式划分 国家发改委印发的《电动汽车充电基础设施发展指南(2015-2020年)》(发改能源【2015】1454号)中提出,经测算: 到2020年全国电动汽车保有量将超过500万辆,其中电动公交车超过20万辆,电动出租车超过30万辆,电动环卫、物流等专用车超过20万辆,电动公务与私人乘用车超过430万辆。 2015年到2020年全国需要新建公交车充换电站3848座,出租车充换电站2462座,环卫、物流等专用车充电站2438座,公务车与私家车用户专用充电桩430万个,城市公共充电站2397座,分散式公共充电桩50万个,城际快充站842座。 在北京、天津、河北、辽宁、山东、上海、江苏、浙江、安徽、福建、广东、海南等电动汽车发展基础较好、雾霾治理任务较重、应用条件较优越的加快发展地区,预计到2020年,推广电动汽车规模将达到266万辆,需要新建充换电站7400座,充电桩250万个。 2、“十三五”汽车保有量预测 经研究表明,公交车、出租车、环卫与物流等专用车、公务与私人乘用车等是现阶段我国最适于发展电动汽车的几种汽车类型。 1)针对中国汽车市场的短期年度预测,通常采用汽车销量来代替汽车需求量,主要有基于因果关系建模预测法、时间序列建模预测法、定性分析的情景分析法。 (1)基于灰色理论:属于全因素的非线性拟和外推方法,在形式上是单数列预测,只运用研究对象自身的时间序列建立模型,与其相关联的因素没有参与建模,该方法没有考虑各个因素对汽车保有量的影响。 (2)基于时间序列数据:建立趋势、季节、周期成分的状态空间方程,估计预测各成分值,并给汽车拥有量样本期内和样本期外的预测值。 2)针对中国汽车市场的中长期预测,主要基于GDP增长假设下的情景分析法。 (1)弹性系数法:在对一个因素发展变化预测的基础上,通过弹性系数对另一因素的变化作出预测的一种间接预测方法。即根据人均国民经济生产总值GDP与汽车保有量的增长率比例对汽车保有量进行预测 (2)千人保有量法:千人保有量法是依据各地人口、经济和人均GDP等因素综合考虑,参考水平相当的城市预测本地电动汽车的发展。千人保有量法通常用来反应一个国家的人均GDP和汽车保有量之间的关系,一般说来,人均GDP值越高,其千人汽车保有量值越大。 (3)比例法:依据地区国民生产总值水平、地域大小、地区常住居民人口等占据全国范围的比例对当地保有量占全国保有量水平进行测算,并依据往年所占比例,参考其发展趋势对保有量所占水平进行校核,从而得到汽车或者电动汽车保有量预测结果。 统计分析惠州市各类型车辆的历史增长情况,根据社会经济发展与人民生活消费水平提高的需求,研究各类型汽车的发展趋势。参考政府与交通部门的相关规划成果(现状、增长预测),惠州市各类型汽车2016年至2020年保有量(增量均依据交通部门提供数据)估算如下表: 表4-1 惠州市“十三五”汽车保有量预测 单位:辆 类别 2015 6457 826116 994249 1196795 1440832 3、“十三五”电动车保有量预测 (1)电动汽车保有量测算方法 首先,预测惠州市公交、出租车等车型在2016年至2020年总体增长趋势。然后,结合有关电动汽车更新替代比例的规划目标以及电动汽车增长实际情况,预测各年度电动汽车在车辆更新替代中所占的比例。最后,得出惠州市各年度各类型电动汽车的增量预计。即各年度电动汽车增量应由各类汽车的年度增量(非电动汽车更新替代量+汽车新增量)×电动更新比例参考值。 其中,根据2013年商务部、发改委、公安部和环境保护部联合公布《机动车强制报废标准规定》对各类汽车报废年限规定为公交车12年、出租车8年,其余车辆未做出明确规定,根据对其余类型车辆实际了解,暂按照环卫及物流车12年、公务及私人乘用车10年来统一考虑。即各年度非电动汽车更新替代量=上年度非电动汽车总量/报废年限。 (2)各类型电动汽车更新替代比例的规划目标 2016年至2020年各车型的更新替代比例重点参考中央以及各地方政府相关政策要求和发展规划,惠州市2016年至2020年更新替代最低比例参考值为: 电动公交车:30%,35%,40%,45%,50%。 电动出租车:25%,30%,35%,40%,45%。 电动环卫及物流车:30%,35%,40%,45%,50%。 电动公务车:30%,35%,40%,45%,50%。 电动私人乘用车:0.60%,0.95%,1.55%,2.35%,3.55%。 (3)计算各类电动汽车年度增量。 依据上述测算方法,惠州市各类型汽车2016年至2020年各类型电动汽车保有量估算如下表: 表4-2 惠州市“十三五”电动汽车保有量预测 单位:辆 类别 2015 Áy人乘用车 314 1005 2324 4916 9651 18268 总计 2105 3318 5057 8193 13539 23014 (二)充电设施的配置原则 结合当地实际情况,说明电动汽车与充电设施的需求匹配原则。参考如下: 1、充电设施服务对象 分析各类型电动汽车特点,可初步明确: 电动公交车充换电需求由公交车充换电站满足; 出租车充换电需求由出租车充换电站、城市公共充电站、分散式公共充电桩以及城际快充站共同满足; 物流环卫等专用车充电需求由专业车充电站、城市公共充电站、分散式公共充电桩以及城际快充站共同满足; 公务与私人乘用车充电需求由专业充电桩、城市公共充电站、分散式公共充电桩以及城际快充站共同满足。 2、充电站及充电桩服务能力 (1)充电方式分类 根据电动汽车动力电池组的技术和使用特性,电动汽车的充电模式存在一定的差别。对于充电方案的选择,目前普遍存在常规充电、快速充电和电池组快速更换系统三种模式。 1)常规充电一般指慢速交流充电,充电方法采用小电流的恒压或恒流充电,一般充电时间为4~12小时。 2)快速充电又称应急充电,一般特指大电流直流充电,是以较大电流在电动汽车停车的20分钟~2小时内,为其提供短时充电服务,一般充电电流为150~500A。 3)换电即电池组快速更换系统,又称机械充电,是通过直接更换电动汽车的电池组来达到为其补充电能的目的,可为续驶里程长又没能及时充电的客户提供更换蓄电池的服务,对卸载下的电池采用地面充电系统进行补充,满足车辆技术、经济和运营的需要。 (2)充电设施分类 1)自用充电设施,指在个人用户所有或长期租赁的固定停车位安装,专门为其停放的电动汽车充电的充电设施。 私人乘用车用户专用充电桩:交流慢充桩7千瓦,按照一车一桩比例配置。 2)专用充电设施,指在党政机关、企(事)业单位社会团体、园区等专属停车位建设,为公务车辆、员工车辆等提供专属充电服务的充电设施,以及在公交车、客运汽车、出租车、物流环卫等专用车站场建设,为对应专用车辆提供充电服务的充电设施。 公交车充电站:100千瓦直流充电机50台,服务100辆车。 公交车换电站:4个换电工位,15千瓦分箱充电机392台,服务120辆车。 出租车充电站:40千瓦直流充电机50台,服务100辆车。 出租车换电站:4个换电工位,5千瓦分箱充电机200台,服务96辆车。 物流、环卫车专业充电站:按7千瓦交流充电桩50台、40千瓦直流充电机5台,服务50辆车。 公务乘用车用户专用充电桩:交流慢充桩7千瓦,按照一车一桩比例配置。 3)公用充电设施,指在规划的独立地块、社会公共停车场、住宅小区公共停车场、商业建筑物配建停车场、加油(气)站、高速公路服务区、机场等区域规划建设,面向社会车辆提供充电服务的充电设施。 城市公共充电站:40千瓦直流充电机20台,可同时服务20辆车。 城际快充站:按4台120千瓦直流充电机,同时服务8辆车。 分散式公共充电桩:按直流快充桩和交流慢充桩按1:4的比例设置;交流慢充桩7千瓦,年服务电量0.35万千瓦时;直流快充桩40千瓦,年服务电量1万千瓦时。 3、充电设施配置原则 公交车充电站数量(座)=充电型电动公交车总数量(辆)/每座站能够服务的车辆数量(辆/座) 公交车换电站数量(座)=换电型电动公交车总数量(辆)/每座站能够服务的车辆数量(辆/座) 出租车充电站数量(座)=〔充电型电动出租车总数量(辆)×(1-公共充电需求比例)〕/每座站能够服务的车辆数量(辆/座) 出租车换电站数量(座)=换电型电动出租车总数量(辆)/每座站能够服务的车辆数量(辆/座) 物流环卫等专用车充电站数量(座)=〔物流环卫等专用车(辆)×(1-公共充电需求比例)〕/每座站能够服务的车辆数量(辆/座) 城市公共充电站数量(座)=〔出租车公共充电站充电需求+物流环卫等专用车公共充电站充电需求+公务与私人乘用车公共充电站充电需求〕(万千瓦时)/每座站年服务能量(万千瓦时/座) 分散式直流公共充电桩数量(个)=〔出租车公共充电桩充电需求+物流环卫等专用车公共充电桩充电需求+公务与私人乘用车公共充电桩充电需求〕(万千瓦时)/〔4×每个交流公共充电桩年服务能量(万千瓦时/个)+每个直流公共充电桩年服务能量(万千瓦时/个)〕 分散式交流公共充电桩数量(个)=4×分散式直流公共充电桩数量(座) 城际快充站数量(座)应结合规划区域内高速公路服务区数量确定。 4、充电设施布局选址原则 (1)充电站及充电桩布局选址应按国家标准,留足防火间距;并保障工频电场不对周边人群造成健康损害。 (2)充电站及充电桩布局应按国家标准,避开周边爆炸危险环境。 (3)充电站及充电桩不应选址在剧烈振动、高温、多尘、散布水雾或有腐蚀性气体的场所。 (4)充电设施布局不应选择在室外地势低洼、易被水淹没场所和易发生地质等次生灾害的地点。 (5)充电设施布局应有长远规划,留足发展空间。 (三)充电设施需求预测 根据电动汽车“十三五”的预测结果,分别对各类型电动汽车的总体充电需求以及公共充电需求进行测算;再结合充电设施配置原则,预测“十三五”期间的各类型充电设施需求。 1、总体充电需求测算 根据各类型电动汽车行驶特性,计算分类电动汽车的年充电需求。各类电动汽车年新增充电需求=((年均行驶里程×平均电耗×电动汽车增量) 表4-3 惠州市"十三五"电动汽车新增充电需求预测 单位:亿千瓦时 车型 2016年 2017年 2018年 2019年 2020年 公交车 1.1157 1.1673 1.2055 1.2531 1.3214 出租车 0.0469 0.0770 0.1194 0.1783 0.2586 物流环卫等专用车 0.0044 0.0079 0.0147 0.0255 0.0420 公务乘用车 0.0005 0.0009 0.0015 0.0021 0.0028 私人乘用车 0.0226 0.0523 0.1106 0.2171 0.4110 总计 1.1901 1.3054 1.4517 1.6762 2.0359 2、公共充电需求测算 公共充电需求指通过公共充电设施(城市公共充电站、城际快充站、分散式公共充电桩)满足的充电需求。 总体来看,除公交车的充换电需求均由公交车充换电站满足,换电型出租车的换电需求均由出租车换电站满足以外,其他各类电动汽车均有一部分的充电需求需由城市公共充电设施以及城际快充站满足。 公共充电需求=充电需求总量×公共需求占比。 各类型电动车的公共充电需求比例参考值及由此计算出来的公共充电需求预测见下表。 表4-4 惠州市"十三五"电动汽车新增公共充电需求预测 单位:亿千瓦时 车型 公共充电设施 比例 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 出租车 城市充电站 25% 0.0158 0.0235 0.0373 0.0520 0.0723 充电桩 25% 0.0158 0.0235 0.0373 0.0520 0.0723 合计 50% 0.0317 0.0471 0.0745 0.1040 0.1445 物流环卫等专用车 城市充电站 20% 0.0028 0.0039 0.0056 0.0081 0.0117 充电桩 20% 0.0028 0.0039 0.0056 0.0081 0.0117 合计 40% 0.0055 0.0077 0.0111 0.0162 0.0235 纯电动公务乘用车与私人乘用车 城市充电站 7.50% 0.0018 0.0041 0.0085 0.0166 0.0312 充电桩 7.50% 0.0018 0.0041 0.0085 0.0166 0.0312 城际快充站 5% 0.0012 0.0027 0.0057 0.0110 0.0208 合计 20% 0.0047 0.0108 0.0227 0.0442 0.0832 插电式混合动力公务乘用车与私人乘用车 城市充电站 5% 0.0012 0.0027 0.0057 0.0110 0.0208 充电桩 5% 0.0012 0.0027 0.0057 0.0110 0.0208 合计 10% 0.0024 0.0054 0.0113 0.0221 0.0416 3、充电设施需求预测 按照充电设施配置原则,对“十三五”各类型充电设施需求进行预测。 表4-5 惠州市“十三五”集中式充换电站需求预测 单位:座 类别 2015 35 表4-6 惠州市“十三五”充电桩需求预测 单位:个 类别 2015 N(uEQ5u桩 325 1130 708 535 484 378 总计 666 1924 2600 1330 1275 1169 五 指导思想与原则 (一)指导思想 NSOû| ÿÐcGS产业技术,创新商业模式,努力把惠州建设成为全省重要的新能源汽车产业基地。 (二)基本原则 1、统筹规划、适度超前 首先将充电设施及配套电网建设改造等相关附属、配套设施的建设与改造纳入城市总体规划、土地利用总体规划、路网规划等规划,并做好有关规划衔接。 其次从发展全局的高度进行整体统筹,建立政府有关部门与相关企业各司其职、各尽所能、群策群力、合作共赢的系统推进机制,按照“桩站先行”的原则,适度超前建设,推进充电基础设施科学发展。 2、合理布局、节约资源 加强充电基础设施发展的顶层设计,科学确定发展规模、空间布局和建设时序,把握发展节奏,分类有序实施,加大交通、市政、电力等公共资源整合力度,合理布局充电基础设施,降低建设成本,节约土地资源。 3、区域差别、因地制宜 根据各县(区)实际和不同类型、不同用途电动汽车充电需求,遵循“市场主导、快慢互济”的技术导向,因地制宜、分类有序推进各地、各领域充电基础设施发展,同步建设充电智能服务平台。 4、统一规范,互联互通 坚持按照国家标准建设充电基础设施,为“车行天下” 提供有力保障。规范充电基础设施建设运营,理顺管理流程,健全管理机制。实现充电服务平台之间的互联互通,提高充电服务的通用性和开放性。 5、市场主导,创新机制 鼓励地方政府与企业发挥创新主体作用,持续开展充电基础设施建设与运营模式创新。加快完善政策环境,发挥市场主导作用,鼓励引导社会资本参与,激发市场活力。加强示范推广,为充电基础设施发展探索新途径,积累新经验。 六 发展目标 (一)充电设施总体发展目标 构建覆盖全市的充电设施服务网络与充电设施服务走廊,满足各类地区电动汽车发展与使用的基本需求。2016至2020年,全市新增电动汽车充电桩规模达到8298个(不含私人乘用车自用充电桩数量)。 积极推进电动汽车用户结合居民区、办公场所停车位配建充电桩,至2020年建设内部专用充电桩规模达到3230个以上,满足用户基本充电需求,鼓励有条件的自、专用充电设施对社会公众开放。 至2020年,通过新建地块配建、已有公共停车场增建等措施,合理布局建设社会停车场所公共充电桩以及分散式公共充电桩规模达到2420个以上,满足用户临时补电需求。 至2020年全市建设公交、物流、环卫、出租车专用充电桩规模达到2450个以上,满足行业的基本充电需求。 至2020年,通过高速公路服务区建设城际快速充电站,全市建设城际快充站15座,城际快充充电桩规模达到170个以上,满足电动汽车城际行驶的基本充电需求。 (二)充电设施布局原则 1、公交车充电站 公交充电站主要为城市电动公交车提供充电服务,应主要考虑依托现有和规划建设的公交首末站场、公交车夜间回车场建设,以充分利用现有的土地资源。 2、社会公共充电站 社会公共充电站的主要服务对象为除公交车外的其他社会乘用车辆,布点原则如下: (1)布点宜优先在车辆流大、路网密集的片区布点,并适当考虑在离市区较远的车站、码头等地就近布点。 (2)建筑和人口密集,车流量大的发达区域布点密度建议在近期按6~20平方千米/座,远期按2~10平方千米/座考虑。 (3)对部分地区全新规划的重点区域,考虑其区内有良好的政策条件和建设基础,可适当提高其充电设施的布点密度。 (4)对城际交通干线上的社会公共充电站,将充电设施纳入高速公路配套设施建设要求,新建高速公路服务区和有条件的加油站,原则上应按不低于停车位总数20%的比例配建充电桩或预留充电设施接口;鼓励已建成的高速公路服务区和有条件的加油站改造增建充电桩。 3、充电站主要以整车充电为主,若有部分车辆采用换电模式,需要配套的换电站,布点原则可参照公交车和社会乘用车公共充电站的原则,并宜尽量与这两类充电站合并建设。 4、社会乘用车慢充充电桩 社会乘用车慢充充电桩应以分散建设的方式为主,在住宅小区、各单位办公场所、社会公共停车场以合理的比例配置: \vQÖNå] :NðV¾–„vE\住区,宜积极在周边发展公用充电设施,满足居民的充电需求。 (2)新建城市公共停车场以及新建办公楼、商城、酒店等公共建筑类项目,原则上应按不低于停车位总数的20%配建充换电桩或预留充换电设备接口。 (3)具备条件的政府机关、公共机构及企事业单位,在单位内部停车场,按不低于20%的比例设置新能源汽车专用停车位并配建充电桩。 新建高速公路服务区和有条件的加油站,原则上应按不低于停车位总数30%的比例配建充电桩或预留充电设施接口。 (三)充电设施布局分区规划方案 推进各县区充电设施布局,至2017年规划全市新增约2600个充电桩(不含私人乘用车自用充电桩,下同),至2020年规划全市新增充电桩总数达到8298个,各县区“十三五”期间新增充电桩规划方案详见表6-1,各县区可视情况在此基础上进一步提高充电设施配建规模。 表6-1 “十三五”各县区新增充电桩规划表 单位:个 75 200 130 120 119 944 注:上表不含私人乘用车自用充电桩数量。 七 重点任务 (一)全面推进充电设施网络布局和建设 按照规划的配建要求,推进充电设施的建设落地,鼓励结合需求提高配建比例。 1、加快推进住宅小区充电基础设施建设 积极推进住宅小区按照桩随车走的原则建设自用充电设施。对于有自有产权车位或长期租赁车位的用户,优先考虑结合停车位建设充电桩,鼓励在已建住宅小区公共停车位配建一定比例的公共充电车位,建立充电车位分时共享机制,为用户充电创造条件。对于实施条件较为困难的居住区,积极在小区周边发展公用充电设施予以补足。 2、积极开展单位内部停车场充电基础设施建设 具备条件的政府机关、学校、医院、文体场馆等公共机构及各企事业单位,应结合单位电动汽车配备更新计划及职工购买使用电动汽车需求,利用单位内部停车场资源,规划电动汽车专用泊位。 3、加快推进全市公用充电网络建设 优先结合商业中心、公建配套停车场,以及对外交通枢纽、轨道交通换乘停车场(P+R)等社会公共停车场开展城市公用充电设施建设。公用充电基础设施布局应按照从城市中心到边缘逐步推进的原则,逐步增加公共充电基础设施服务覆盖率。在中心城区以外区域或新能源重点发展地区适当新建独立用地的公共充电站。鼓励有条件的单位和个人充电基础设施向社会公众开放。推进本市高速公路服务区城际快充设施布局,建立城际快充网络,实现区域间互联互通,满足电动汽车城际、省际的出行需求。 4、加快重点地区公用充电设施的建设推进 重点加快各县区新能源汽车和绿色交通示范区的公用充电设施建设布局。 “十三五”期间各县区重点项目情况见表7-1所示: 表7-1 “十三五”各县区重点项目汇总表 地区 重点项目数量 (项) 直流桩 (个) 交流桩 (个) 投资估算 1202 仲恺区 2 40 0 1000 (二)加强配套电网保障能力 1、加强配套电网建设 配电网规划应充分考虑充电基础设施布局,充电基础设施配套电网新建与改造项目,在用地保障、廊道通行等方面给予支持,切实做到“设施建设、电网先行”。根据各类建筑配建充电基础设施需求,合理提高各类建筑用电设计标准,加强相关标准与规范的制修订工作。 2、完善供电服务 电网企业要为充电基础设施接入电网提供便利条件,开辟绿色通道,优化流程,简化手续,提高效率,限时办结。 (三)统一设计建设标准 ƒ ÿù[ŽN ‰„v€b/g/e‘d0ž[°s N KNô•„v|Q容互通。完善充电基础设施计量、计费、结算等运营标准与管理规范。加快建立充电基础设施标识体系,在设施…
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